Descriptions:
Video Description
This recording opens a four-week course in ancient Greek, with one student, Madelena, learning at the pace the book sets. Ammon Hillman begins with the twenty-four letters and has Madelena read the alphabet out loud, then moves to accents, which he says mean stress for our purposes, with the accented syllable held about twice as long as the others. The first real text is the closing paragraph of Plato’s Republic, and the lesson notes up front that the capital letters, spaces, and accents are editing added later, not the original hand.
The grammar of unit one is nouns. The lesson separates the three declensions, with the first feminine and the second masculine and neuter, and it treats gender as a label rather than a debate. Cases are laid out through the image of a box: the accusative moves toward or into it, the dative rests on or in it, and the genitive leaves it, a picture the hour calls the basic physics of position baked into the language. The student reads and translates short sentences and Menander’s saying that ill-timed pleasure brings harm, and the lesson points out that Greek word order expresses emphasis, not meaning.
The close assigns the work. Madelena is to memorize the first and second declension endings and the definite article, then read unit two for the next session. The teaching method is stated directly: bombard, test, rest, and repeat, with the student as the eyes on the text and the translator. The episode ends by promising that by unit twenty the learner will be surprised at having gone through the whole thing.
Full Video Transcript
People here, Madelena, are you there?
Good evening.
Hey.
Fantastic.
All right, here’s what I’m going to do.
I am going to jump right into things.
So I want everybody else to mute, please.
Please mute yourselves.
Madelena, I want you to keep yours open because I need you to respond.
All right.
Fantastic.
Let me just start by asking, you read the introduction in chapter one, which is unit one.
what is your what is your comfort level do you feel good do you how do you feel um i’d say i’m
a solid eight out of ten eight out of ten i’m glad that you’re honest and you didn’t say you
understand everything because you never will yeah okay and that’s not the purpose for you just to
read this and for you to understand everything purpose is to get the operating system going
to get functional right yeah okay fantastic i want you to note madeline before we start
oops sorry i want you to note that the book says we’re supposed to spend four hours on each unit
four hours on each unit so you and i will have two levels together on each unit and the other
two hours will have to be filled in by you okay yeah fantastic fantastic okay here’s what i want
to do to start here at the beginning the most important thing for you to understand are the
letters right the consonants and the vowels the consonants and the vowels so i’m just going to
ask i know you’ve had some time with this already i’m just going to ask you to warm up today this
opening session, warm up by telling me the alphabet. And
Joey, if you’d give me a lot of volume, I need to hear you
pronounce. I need to hear you pronounce. So go ahead and just
say the alphabet. Alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta,
eta, theta, iota, kappa, lambda, mu, nu, xi, omicron,
P-R-O-S-Y-P-H-I-C-O-M-E-G-A
Fantastic! Oh God, that’s fantastic!
So these 24 letters, you’re going to be looking at a couple of them being combinations of letters
and you’re going to be looking at differences between consonants and vowels.
This is very important.
You read about accents in the introduction.
What is your opinion of accents?
Well, I was interested on how you move and find the accent starting from the end to the beginning.
And I was trying to figure out that whole science of that.
But I understand the breaths, marks, and how it’s intonation.
It’s for raising pitch, lowering it, and circumflex, doing both.
Yeah. Now, it’s good you’re intellectually curious about how those work. I want you to hold off on satisfying yourself intellectually. And I want you to think of accents. And you mentioned the rough breathing as well, right? It’s rough breathing. Technically, that’s not an accent. Technically, that’s more like a letter, right? It’s more like an H.
so um what i want you to envision about accents is everything i’m about to tell you right now
yes they are musical but we don’t care you must learn stress you must learn stress okay so all
i want you to do is on the accent i want you to spend twice the time as you would on that accent
than you do on the other syllables yeah okay that’s all that’s all i want you to do um fantastic
fantastic let’s turn you up shall we shall we take you to the shall we take you to the fields of
glory there we go go to page 11 and just let me hear kind of like a you know i’m just sounding
you out okay and i want you to go over oh go to the first column you froze oh no did i lose
oh you’re you’re back yeah okay uh first column on water go ahead i’m sorry you said the first
column where oh on page 11 please and okay roman numeral number one all right anthropos
Okay, stop there, you missed one accent, one accent, it was number four, Biblio, yeah, right, now, yeah, right, that’s all I’m saying is you just, we’re just spitting the extra stress on that.
okay so uh this is all i want you to worry about accents right now we can talk about
the ultima the penultima the antepenultima and we will as you are starting i only want you to
be concerned about replicating pronunciation using these accents in our system of speaking
that we are not using tongue okay fantastic fantastic keep going with six seven eight nine ten
all right graphy k the most day on this epistole heck um
um hexagon uh hexagon oh no sorry good good put a little bit of that rough breathing on number 10.
yeah right hexagon oh hexagon yeah yeah now notice this madelena notice this you’ve got an Omega there
right followed by an omicron so that omega is technically oh and that omicron is technically
off okay but yeah but when they’re right next to each other like that it’s gonna attract into that
deeper vowel right so you’re just gonna hear that’s what you’re gonna hear but i want you
notice that those are two different vowel length and I want you to make sure go back flip back
the page oh god page three please page three we do a lot of flipping I want you to look at the
long vowels versus the short vowels see at the very bottom of the page you’ve got that chart
and on the left side you’ve got the long vowels right side short vowels right notice that the
alpha has both a long and a short form. Notice that the eta’s short form is the epsilon. The
iota’s short form is itself, right? The omega’s short form is the omicron, right? And then you’ve
got a long and a short epsilon, right? So a lot of, there’s going to be a lot of musical stuff
that we’re missing but what we can do is synchronize our pronunciations right so
again focusing on those accents go back to page 11 and start with 15 through 20
please. Okay. There you go. There you go. Notice you hit the accents. What you’re doing is you’re
focusing on the accents, Madalena, and when you do, it takes your mind off the letters.
yeah right it takes your mind off the letters it does it forces you to see them in kind of
a subconscious way yeah so fantastic you hit all of those accents look at number look at number 15.
notice that Ada on the front has that rough breathing yeah yeah hey rock place and you were
very good for the accent exactly where it goes hey rock place all right very nice beautiful beautiful
words right okay now okay um i hear your pronunciation now i want to apply something
that you’re going to be doing for half the time that we are not together every class so go to the
vocabulary on page 31 this is unit one vocabulary now i want to hear i want to hear you say each
word and i want you to give the entire lexical entry which is the nominative followed by the
genitive followed by the article or the nouns okay okay for the for the verbs that we’ll get
in the next couple of units it’ll be multiple you’ll get multiple parts all of the principal
parts right okay fantastic but that’s what we’ve got so if you can read the whole lexical entry
for me i’m gonna quickly i’m gonna quickly correct your pronunciation to what mine is okay go ahead
okay so starting with agora right that’s good and then you want me to do the um the endings
for agora no no no no no just look at the look at the entry and so you’ll do like this you’ll say
Say agorá, agorás, hey.
Agorás, okay, hey.
Yeah, yeah.
Okay.
Meaning marketplace.
Yeah.
Adelfo, ho.
Good.
Anthropos, anthropo, anthropo, ho.
Meaning man.
Biblion, biblioto, doron, doruto.
Good, good.
Okay, one correction on that one.
Look at your epsilons.
You’re dropping your epsilons into your eta.
Remember that epsilon is just a shortened eta, so it’s et.
And the eta is a.
A, yeah.
versus a so yeah that off that’s awesome with the accent over the omicron all right
good good keep going um logos logo ho maje majes excellent he actually here on that look you didn’t
say make a lot of people say make right no make with a e good keep going nesos nesu now i want
you to notice on that one i want you to notice like polynesian many islands right um that nesos
is the accent it changes it changes from a circumflex to an ada and how does that
with the how do they sound different yeah right how do they sound different one is they pitch up
pitch down that circumflex and the other one is just one up boom that’s it wait a minute what
so you’re going to pitch up versus right so we don’t when you are translating as classical
philologists right you are not concerned about the pitch they cut the music out of the language
in order to get us to be able to just do the basics right yeah fantastic but technically it’s
yeah it’s different changes in pitch and we only know that because of what the grammarian said
and what we can gather so yeah yeah cool fantastic now um your pronunciation is great go to the
bottom to the last the two to go to the word hey good and the two case good good soul now give me
the one above that one what is that hooray or is it or is that okay put that accent on the in its
that’s right place okay correct yes fantastic okay now all that was was tuning up and i you
have already have command of the letters right so you are one step ahead here at the beginning
of the course so you’re giving us one little extra push right now for a student who had had
no exposure i would be drilling letters letters letters letters and pronunciation but you and i
are going to go forward because you have already been through it i want you now to go to unit one
uh and flip back one one page from unit one i’m sorry go to the end of the introduction
which is page 15. okay you can go and put it up should we put up page 15. all right
i want you to see here on page 15 they give us a pronunciation exercise that is just the end
it’s the final paragraph as you can see of plato’s republic yeah okay now before we jump in
to the real death i want you it’s at the bottom of the page before we sure go ahead and share that
before you look at this i want you to realize what i’m going to do is i’m just going to tell you
how to read the greek okay these are there are some basic rules here that you need to see
in the beginning from this paragraph first of all notice that the first letter is capitalized
the paragraph begins with a capitalized letter notice that there are spacings between the first
and the second words right none of that is natural to the greek all of that is convention okay there
is no punctuation and there are no spacing between letters between words so what kind of problem does
that bring up it brings up an aspect of what you’re going to see in the greek that is not
there obviously to everybody and that is when they run words together they’re running words
in order to make the music melodious so it doesn’t sound cacophonic they will cut off
the ends of the words they’ll join words together oh god it’s of course the language that is all
sandwiched together like that is going to be spoken or sung fluidly it doesn’t need
commas and periods and question marks or semicolons okay it doesn’t mean what you’re
what you are looking at here bring it up again what you’re looking at here is a text that has
been edited it has been edited by people following who put in commas and all these accents the
original texts don’t have any freaking accents okay so sorry they don’t and so what you’re
looking at here is a highly tailored version of a greek text okay but this is the version that you
and i are going to be working on together this is what will be our template for studying in your
brain so i want you to notice a few things about it notice that we do capitalize just like in
english at the beginning of a sentence we’re going to capitalize we’re going to capitalize
look at the fourth word in glaucon glaucon i notice the gamma on the front is capitalized
right why because it’s a personal name it’s a dude named glaucon right okay fantastic if we
keep going you’ll notice that all the accents are there and the sentences are divided really nice
look here’s another comma that’s gorgeous another comma so we know this is a little phrase here
right and we keep following it we’ll eventually get to the end of the sentence with the period
right so you can rely on these conventions you can rely on the uh our modern conventions punctuation
and etc that’s fine but i want you to know right from the beginning that’s already we’re stepping
outside the greek way now how do i why is this important because sometimes you will notice that
there is a verb for example that has a prefix if you go to the bottom line d and then make one
that has its own prefix that could be separated from that verb and they do this and if you put
something between it and its verb it’ll influence what comes between it so there’s really something
going on here with the language from the very beginning that we don’t have a we don’t have
an appreciation for because we’re working with these edited tanks right again it’s the last
paragraph of the republic and plato is telling us you know live a good life god damn it rise
speak of people you know you’re gonna get washed out in that lethe and whatnot so you know make
sure your thousand year journey is worth it okay i just want you to see that i want you to have that
perspective that these are all edited texts and i want you to take comfort in their editing but
i want you to realize that these are things that other people have done to the text right they
aren’t really part of the original okay okay fantastic fantastic now here’s what i want you
to do there’s a cheat here in the beginning for these first three or four units there’s a cheat
that nobody ever pays attention to you too i want you to go there it’s before the acknowledgments
look we’re doing it backwards just like the devil would be i don’t know um right six page six right
there the abbreviations flash the page up there page six i want you to notice that this is kind
of a cheat of all the different grammatical terms that you’re gonna have to know okay do you see
that the abbreviations on page five right okay yes no it is because right because seven is the
following fantastic here’s your abbreviations people don’t pay attention to this but it’s
a cheat look here are the parts of speech that you’re going to have to know the big ones here’s
adverbs conjunctions prepositions isn’t that nice it gives you those right up front here are the
cases for nouns now the next three case gender and number those are how you classify divide up
dissect and identify nouns you’ve got case gender and number what kind of cases
nominative genitive dative accusative evocative look they’re all there
right what kind of genders do you have masculine feminine and neutered numbers singular plural
right and there is this dual but it rarely exists you know what i mean it’s not it’s not common
enough for us to memorize it in a parent but if you’ll notice they’re all the noun terms that you
need there’s all the terminology right look on the right you’re going to see the verbs you’ve got mood
voice right tense isn’t that nice tense uh nice love it okay so i just want you to notice those
are the kinds of terms yeah those are the kinds of terms that we’re going to be swimming in
in the first second third third unit okay now i want to go ahead we’ve got this is perfect 30
we’re 30 minutes in and we’ve been through the introduction the introduction i want to go to
unit one and what i do what i’m going to do is what the people at berkeley did i’m going to
start off by saying you and i have both looked at number one unit number one yeah the overview
of unit one is nouns nouns is what we’re concerned with all right so they’ve got that gender and that
that is all we’re could we have three piece of nouns in ancient greek we have first second and
third reflections right first second and third declensions you decline nouns conjugate verbs
so we have three declensions and two biggies the first and the second right they’re very they
follow beautiful patterns very easy to memorize these things the third not so much the third is
like the hot hodgepodge of everything else that got thrown in there everything thrown in there
okay go ahead and take it down so i want you just to go to the vocabulary section right now okay
31. Go to the Belkamp section.
And I want you to look at the first word there.
Agoura, agouras.
Marketplace.
Right?
How do we know what family that is and all that kind of stuff?
I want you to turn to the cheat.
The cheat is the article.
The article must be the same case number and gender.
It must be the same case number and gender as the noun that it’s with.
they must they call that agreement they must agree in their case number in general so when
you look at that hey there you see the nominative feminine singular that’s what they give you for
the article because they gave you the nominative right that’s telling you hey this is a first
declension feminine fantastic look at that second one what declension is that second one
um masculine yeah right so it’s second you’re second to clenching how about the third one
anthropos um that would also be second to clenching because it’s hope right and what
do you know what gender that is just from doing a little bit of reading um mask masculine masculine
exactly now what’s the key to this is what is in the chart on page 28 what is in the chart
it’s 28 you don’t have but this is what you’re using in your brain i know because you’ve memorized
this yeah you’ve memorized this and so you know now madeline i want you to memorize these
by gender so okay is the masculine
the masculine plural hoi ton tois tus now we’re going to memorize by gender for all of the nouns
that we do anything that’s nominal or adjectives we’re going to memorize them in that way
so i just want to let you know that feminine look at a case a can you see this the eota
subscript and the dative i want to hear just a little bit of that a a taste a day good beautiful
how about that i i don’t taste this i notice it’s a rough breathing in the non-missive plural okay
okay don’t taste test almost look at the data the alpha iota makes the dip song
is it okay nice good tice okay cool eye tone tice toss look at the neuters talk to toy talk
now notice the nominative and the accusative are the same oh right look at the plurals
ha ton wait what is it or toys no it’s toys it looks like the not it looks like the masculine
one right ah good yeah so what i want you to do is i want you to keep that list in your mind
in order to do everything that we’re going to do in this chapter okay so go back to the beginning
of chapter unit one and i just want you to look notice it talks about gender number and case
gender number and case you feel good with a world that is masculine feminine and neuter yeah
right you’ve got no problem with that okay you don’t care why the word log off is the gender it
is you don’t care all right you don’t care why ethnic is not the same gender as logos you don’t
care all right i just want you to be able to identify what is masculine feminine and neuter
it’s very sterile it’s very philological okay we don’t we don’t care we can have a debate whether
it’s natural gender or not it doesn’t matter number two number two the number singular and
plural that’s it’s really that simple and then we get to cases cases you’re good with numbers
how about cases nominative genitive dative accusative evocative added at the end you read
about cases do you feel can you just tell me what are what is it like how do you use the
nominative case um it’s the subject of sentence so that’s all you have to say stop right there
perfect genitive how about that go to the page page 19 and look at the box and see the see the
cases there in the box at the bottom anything madeleine that’s in a box okay they want they
want you to focus on. So, nominative, genitive, dative, accusative. Nominative is the command
all, right? It is the case that really commands the sentence. The numbers two, three, and four
here, the genitive, dative, and accusative, those are oblique cases. Those are oblique cases,
right? They can’t act as predicates and stuff like that, right? Oh, my God. What is that
denominative credit oh forget about it man all you need to know here is from this chart
that the nominative is the subject the genitive is really coming out of something or away from
something the dative is two four right with five they have in and out two there you get
kind of a locative kind to kind of deal with it you know and then accusative the direct object
right going to pet or the ball that you’re going to kick or the food that you’re going to eat
those are all the direct objects okay do you understand how cases work yes i think
fantastic yes you think exactly right fantastic so we can go forward we can go forward then and
look at form because in our greek studies morphology is everything right what are the
forms of the word and how are they what are they going to look like so i want you to jump to page
21. look at these first declension nouns and i want you to look at the nominative singular
and see at the bottom of page 21 that it is an ada see that ada we’re going to go look for a
nominative we’re gonna go look for a nominative singular back in plato but back right a lot of
flipping a lot of flipping it’s on page 15. okay i want you to scan this i want you to
skin this for something that looks the passage of plato at the bottom church
you want you to scan it and look for something that ends in an ada look for anything do we have
anything yes i’ll say in the first line it’s so say that’s that incident either there but that’s
a verb yeah or it doesn’t count okay so let’s see if we can find it is there a noun somewhere in
there an incident ada oh there anyone you’re scanning right you’re doing what i’m scanning yeah
why am i doing this to you because i’m getting you intensively to consider the letters right
that’s all you’re doing scan you see anything uh is it um well am i specifically looking for
nominative yeah we’re just looking for any word that ends in ada and we want to see if that’s
a noun or not right okay so look i don’t see anything i don’t see the end in ada okay go back
to here first declension endings on page 21 and look at the genitive how about an eta sigma how
about an a to stigma ace is our genitive ending words in here on page 15 then have an a to sigma
start scanning right um is that a verb that’s an epsilon that’s an epsilon right oh yeah you’re
right yeah in the eight of sigma yeah i don’t think there’s anything in here again no there’s
several accusative look at line nine look at nine nine there’s an eight of stigma but that’s
the type of word we haven’t learned yet so i don’t go i don’t want to go there is there any noun here
no how about the accusative the accusative will jump over the data and the accusative is an ada
new can you find on page 15 anything that ends in an ada new
very good line three and all right okay look at its definite article it agrees with it in case
number and gender right tain right and we have an accusative there okay so do you see that there’s
we’ve got one do we have any more any other nouns uh in line five uh
look at do not tame is this thing a noun or is it an adjective oh my god we haven’t even gotten
that’s all right but what point what point does this show it shows that your nouns and
your adjectives are going to have the same endings people all right the plurality that is madelaine
fantastic um go to go to line go to line 10 here a bottle and look at the fourth word in
See that little iota underneath, the little iota subscript in the end?
Yeah.
Oh my god.
Is that the iota that we’re going to be seeing if you turn back to the page in your Paradigms
of the Nouns, right, the first declension, is that the kind of iota that we’re going
to be seeing?
Of the data.
The dative, I mean.
Yeah, the dative case, exactly.
Yeah.
that and all that’s happened is that vowel has changed it’s not an eta anymore up there
right it’s an alpha it’s an alpha so go to page 21 with your endings and look at the dative
and notice that you can have an eta iota and you can have an alpha iota those are both dative
feminine angular endings isn’t that nice oh god now remember most of these nouns are in the
or feminine right okay you’ll get some goofiness that goes on backwards and forwards but remember
first the clenching feminine second the clenching masculine and neuter love it okay and i want you
to pick apart one more time i want you to go now on page 15 i want you to go to
line 8
and I want you to look at the first
two words on line 8
Toys the Oys
and I want you to tell me
what are the
what is the case number
and gender of that thing
remember it’s an article
oh yes
if you want to cheat
you can go just look up the article
yeah
yeah
which god that’s why i have to memorize them you know what you should do if you don’t have
memorize it you should go to page 28 is it it’s masculine or neuter yeah right what now how are
you going to determine that people how are you going to determine that because you know that
that os is masculine right you know and that’s why they put hall but they also put go back to
your vocabulary and look what these devils did do we have rules or not in this world right look at
look on page 31 and look at the entry for the awesome word for god and notice that it says
is the os, the oo, os or hey.
Wait a minute, I thought you said these are feminine,
these are masculine, yeah, okay.
You can put a feminine article with a masculine noun
like the os, and it means just a feminine
of the masculine thing that the word defines.
Isn’t that nice?
Nice.
And now you think you understand your world.
You think, oh, well that means hey, the os is a goddess,
right a female god yes but no because the word the oldest word that we have and great for goddess
is and they use a masculine um uh uh article definite article with it so wait a minute how
is that happening all right what are they doing with their gender do you see why i told you i
want you to get mixed up in in the weeds with the accents and what is different to what makes gender
right those types of questions are not important because in different periods of greek you’re going
to see different things right and you’re going to notice that oh wait a minute that goddess thing
where you change the article that’s later rise oh god i love it okay let’s go then okay we’re at 43
minutes i take you to 50 because you can’t take more than 50 minutes okay so to the masculine
neuters of the second declension on page 24 is where you’re going to see their their
um endings right yeah morphology we’ve got to memorize these forms what are they awesome
All right, good.
And don’t throw the vocatives in there.
Just do the mask.
Just do the dominant, genitive, dative, and accusative.
Okay, you’re not going to see enough vocatives.
Here, you want to look at the vocative here on this page, 24.
Look at the vocative for the masculine.
It’s just an epsilon, right?
Right?
Oh, okay.
Five with that epsilon on the ending.
How many times are you going to see that?
I can go weeks without seeing vocative stuff by reading everything I can go weeks without seeing
vocatives so it’s good for you to know that’s what it is but please don’t memorize it when
you’re memorizing these things I want you to memorize them out the bottom nominative genitive
dative accusative awesome right without without the vocative good and the plurals notice how
they’re putting the vocative plural with its nominative because they have the same form that’s
nice all right boy on boy spruce good good good so do you feel kind of comfortable with the
different declensions and how they look yeah i do all right so take a step back and say okay
what did we deal with what are we doing you’re in your advance and you’ve already come through
the pronunciation so i don’t have to spend a bunch of time with you on pronunciation
that’s number one number two we just went through the basic mechanics of unit one okay
because you have read it already and because you come into this already prepped you’re not
you’re not needing as much hand holding okay in the future once we get past the maybe the third
fourth fifth unit um there will be much more hand holding necessary don’t think that that’s a bad
thing no it’s a bad thing but i don’t think i need to read with you what gender is i can sense
from where you are this is the real advantage of a tutorial over a classroom full of people right
because now i gotta stop with you and i gotta start with george and i gotta go through all
of george’s problems right and work with george instead george needs to work with himself having
seen how you and i work together and if he doesn’t know if george doesn’t know alpha beta gamma delta
if he doesn’t know all the letters he’s absolutely fucked right so he knows as george is sitting
there he will know oh i gotta get these letters down right so if we ever do this on youtube it
has to be done knowing that that person has nothing they have to be written they have to be
brought okay i’m not going to waste your time because what i’m doing is i’m developing a
technique not um uh not the um start to finish right technique is what’s important the articles
you’re going to notice that there are some things in each chapter that you must memorize their forms
their morphology all of this work will break down into morphology syntax vocabulary if you
understand the syntax of how those endings change what that word is doing in a sentence
if you understand that and you can recognize the morphological changes that the endings alter
right you can take your vocabulary and commit it to memory currently okay you can look at those
sounds and you can understand that one of the things that you’re going to need to do is memorize
memorize so close your book i want to show you something one no keep me up i want you
to close your book okay they’re all nice right and i want to do something for you
i’m going to show you the difference between hearing and reading what does it mean
Ergo. Work? I can’t remember. Oikea. Oikea. What does the word Oikea mean? Oikea. I don’t remember.
Good. Techne. Good. Techne. What is Techne? Techne. Descend, maybe? Okay. Fodos. Fodos.
Fodos. I have not memorized my vocab yet. Excellent. Excellent. Open up your book now to
page 31 and when i ask you to look at one of the words and tell me what it means you’re going to
have an advantage when you can see it all all i want you to do is peruse that list now look up
and down that list and recognize that you’re adding an extra sense to this when you’re
translating you’re actually reading and translating this will be this will be your native position
with the language you will not be a hearer of the language you will be a reader of the language
yes you will always stick to that extra visual experience it will never be bound by the auditory
alone and so that’s why the trick that your relationship with the text that you’re translating
is important and if you don’t understand madelaine what you are to that text you are the eyes on that
text you are the translator you are the critic of the play right you have to recognize that’s who
that’s who and what you are okay so this is perfect our 50 minutes is up now um here’s what
i need you to do for the next hour whatever in whatever way you deem best for your studies i
want to be able to come back from the out uh after another 15 minutes i want to be able to come back
and i want to be able to quiz you on the vocabulary i want you to know it all i promise
you’ll get to look at it all of this will be not me just saying thanks to you it’ll be you get to
look at it i want you to know the vocabulary and i want you to be able to translate as many of the
exercises as you can as many as you get through if that means you won’t get through three of them
and we do three of them right cool right so be working towards that give yourself a break
and over the next hour because i’m asking you to do work make sure and if you do a couple of
sentences and you’re starting to get woozy you know what i mean stop take a break right go over
and do something this what am i doing madeline is so you know it in the intensive course they have
the instructors bombard you with the information number one and then check to see that you’re
getting it and that you’re able to use it right yeah and then they stop they give you a break
where then you work either by yourself or with other students you say we do our work together
it didn’t matter to them right it was whoever was in the class right so that’s what i want for the
next hour i want to be able to come back and do the exercises from unit one is you having a 100
comprehension of what’s going on that’s the goal okay cool okay fantastic we’ll get a vocab quiz
and we’ll get exercises in in you know one hour from now okay sounds good okay and i will put my
cell phone did i you know what i’m gonna do in case i will come back in 30 minutes for questions
okay okay cool okay okay is she going to be back shortly i believe yeah give me a second
okay madelaine what are you doing okay i’ll wait for i’ll wait for her adelaide fantastic how are
you doing and what are you doing you’re muted uh i memorized the vocab fantastic now you’re gonna do
some sentences sure yeah fantastic okay i’ll have a little surprise for you at the beginning keep
working on it at least another 20 minutes get as many of those sentences as you can get done
Okay, and we’ll go from there
Fantastic. Fantastic. You got you guys hear me? Yeah. Yeah now I can
You want to talk like
How are you good, okay, I want you I told you didn’t tell you to do this, but I want you to do it now
okay just as a surprise it’s a pleasant surprise turn to page 109 turn to page 109 and you say
wait a minute that’s 100 pages into it right yeah well good i want to show you that you’re going to
be the lessons that you’re learning now are going to be things that will carry you through so if
you’re on page 109 go down to number 217 it’s the last example in greek these are very short sayings
nomic sayings of menander this is actual greek okay and i i just want you to see some actual
greek could you read to me line 217 in greek just pronounce a greek sure hey god
Perfect. Okay. Perfect. That’s that third word in para kairos. I just want you to notice that
it’s made up of two components. It’s made up of a prefix para and its root kairos.
kairos kairos is your opportunity right um yeah hippocrates talks about it as the
you know your one point in the disease that you can really treat that’s your kairos so what is
the para kairos that’s something that’s kind of off the mark it’s off of the kairos and you’ll
see in the definitions below that on page 109 the definitions below i just want you to look up see
which one is podocytos there says yeah ill-timed yeah ill-timed that’s a nice victorian way of
saying it’s off of the precise moment where it works okay now think about that all of that is
packed into that one little word right so what does this say hey god para kairos hey done i want
you to notice look at that definite article hey there at the front notice that four words in is
the noun yeah that is it that it agrees with hey done is all the way down there notice that’s that
nominative singular feminine right hey hey donate if you look down on your if you look down on the
loss here on in the little dictionary you can see hey donate hey donates hey means pleasure
we get hedonistic from that of course all that kind of stuff but a pleasure that is not kairos
that it’s not timed well dikte gives birth to blood gives birth to an injury yeah
so you can see there’s two levels one of the reasons i wanted you to see this is there’s two
levels there’s translating word for word and trying to put together and then there’s another
level of making sense right translating it so that it makes perfect sense that’s what
where the art is okay is ill-timed pleasure is ill now what do you think intellectually is
ill-timed pleasure and frozen ill-timed pleasure indeed
you’re back come on oh i can’t hear you we can’t hear you can’t hear you still can’t hear
oh i hear you for a second how many people are we classic okay maybe that’ll work you’re good
okay we hear you we’ll probably have to do that every once in a while madelaine now you just
looked at you let’s just looked at some real greek so tell me what is your impression of
menander’s philosophy you know what is the ill-timed pleasure is gonna cause you injury what
any thoughts um harm yourself through bad timing
yeah yeah something like that i think that’s a good i think that’s a good take on it okay
so what we’re really going for is that meaning that true meaning okay now i want you to jump
back to plato before we do your exercises i want you to jump back to plato on page 15
and i want you to know that this is the beginning of the end right it’s the beginning of the end of
the republic and in line one in line one i’m gonna read a little bit kai hutos or glaucon
that’s the first line there i just want you to be able to hear it
it. Look at the second line now. And it goes on. The third line is. I want you to be hearing
these sounds. So I want your eyes to follow those first three lines again. I’m going to
read them like i want you pronouncing them okay
fantastic now i want you to look at a couple of things i want you to look at
that second line, the second word in that line is pathometha. Notice there is an omega
under the accent. Now jump down to the third line and look at the last word on it,
meontesometha. Notice it’s an omicron there. It’s an omicron there. I just want you to be
noticing as the vowels change, they tweak the words. All that’s doing is telling you what kind
of different conditions we’re putting on the word okay this is verbs and whatnot so fantastic
fantastic now wait a minute look at the first line there look at the look at the phrase oh glaucon
right there is one of your vocatives right oh glaucon the guy’s name is glaucon you say wait a
that doesn’t end on epsilon right okay i told you don’t worry about that right there’s a marker for
that right on the front of that that omega is going to tell you hey i’m in i’m in the
okay yeah i don’t want you toward right right notice all we’re doing now is we’re taking apart
words look at the second line look at the third last word it’s lay face remember how i said find
us we see any words near that or in the first declension those feminines ending in an ada
something right here’s one ada sigma ada sigma lay face right from lay thing which is the river
lethe that river of forgetfulness what is he saying we’ve got to go beyond that river of
forgetfulness right not stain not stain our soul wait what not stain or look at that last word in
third line me on face saw method me on face saw method oh god what a beautiful verb let me show
you chewy can we bring up the lsj i want madeline to see a definition here nail sj hang on fantastic
madelaine i’m gonna go and bring that page up for her i want her to be able to see it
i’m gonna have the lsj identify can you see the lsj page with me i know at the top
it’s loading it’s loading my satellite let me know when you can see it okay it doesn’t look
like it’s gonna load oh there it is okay fantastic me on this saw method notice how the entire word
is below the definition and then just skip to the right and you see it says it’s a verb
verb first plural future passive future indicative passive isn’t that nice
dewey tell us what this word means go ahead and click on it i know it’ll take a while
but you’re gonna see stain you’re gonna see stain moral pollution right along with the stain you’re
gonna see dying dying wait a minute dying is totally different right dying isn’t some kind of
stained no it is and there is no moral wall here to distinguish between the stain and this
die look at down here at the bottom ritual defilement in funeral rights isn’t that interesting
ritual defilement what the hell is ritual defilement to dishonor a woman what are these
people thinking they’re thinking the same concept of dying is the same concept as defiling is the
same concept as engaging into illicit intercourse with a woman that’s defilement right me i know
don’t defile yourself what you have to realize that when plato was writing on go ahead back to
page 15 plato was writing on page 15 about trialment when he’s fighting about life and
the cycle of what’s going on and the river lethe what these concepts are absolutely 100
dependent upon the language it’s the language that’s driving it language is as an operating
system that’s driving these images and plato is just harvesting these images okay let’s go to your
vocabulary quiz shall we turn to turn turn to the vocabulary on page 31 please cover up the english
on the right hand side with your hand or your arm or you know a giant flashlight or i don’t know
whatever you want and and look at the starting at the bottom after the interjection oh word psuche
what does that mean look at it i want you to visualize you’ve got to visualize it right
because we’re translators look at it say it and then tell me what it means
it’s frozen again oh we get kicked out the satellite way out so it’s not yeah satellites
your video was off but we can hear you yeah okay fantastic fantastic psuche what is a psuche soul
is that um uh uh is that land country or is that gift yeah yeah think of it as like the countryside
right it can be a parcel of land right it can be the countryside as opposed to the city good
above that is tech name what is the tech name uh craft skill craft or skill you got two verbs above
that pimpey what does pimpey mean uh send right you can add when you want to use when you want
to define a verb you can put it in its infinitive form to send to send good paidewe means what
to teach or educate to teach beautiful homer you know homer or ikea what is an ikea house
it’s a house yeah and it’s not always there’s a bunch of different words for house and ikea is
kind of like the the household household it’s how the house functions it’s how everything runs we
get economics from it right like good hold us what is the hold us tell me road yeah when you
say road what do you mean uh pathway perhaps yeah yeah a pathway or just a way just a way
think of a way to do something right love it okay um hojita is your definite article you’re just
translate that as the about above that two above that is mache let’s say battle battle good and a
naysauce uh island good peloponnesian anyway um what logos word story yeah word story we can start
with that now it’s really a reckoning and accounting yeah asian as polynesian as i went
not peloponnesian anyway going uh theos theos what is the theos god masculine god what is it god to
you um uh i don’t know what is it caught to me at this point a deity perhaps
yeah well how would you define your deity by either masculine or feminine
okay okay so is this in what the hell can we get the greek to help us any more than that
i want you to look at as soon as you get this entry let me know when you can see the os at the
top okay oh yeah okay notice in be ocean it’s theos laconian is ceos look at that they changed
i can’t see it yet but you can’t see it okay not yet but i hear you let me know when you get it
because i want you to be able to see it cool oh man it says failed oh it does you could send a
picture maybe into the chat and do you want to do that should we just do that send a picture
fantastic you have to show me that good okay joey is sending a picture i see it yeah
yeah fantastic look at the so you’ve got the word in greek in our attic you know theos is what we’re
going to see mostly yeah but you look at a boeotian boeotian it’s theos in laconian it’s
right yeah what about that cretan dialect theos look they retain the theta but they also use an
iota right okay right look at the dorian uses theus theus right and it sounds suspicious suspiciously
like zeus yeah yeah like zeus right it’s all their word for god now what’s funny is if you read if
you read through this you get a bunch of examples of what god is but you don’t really get a definition
of god right yeah ah so yeah yeah it’s difficult look at look at number b at the bottom or letter
b we’re talking about andres in the greek andres they’re men people people are what
i know these people what are you going to learn you got to think about the father of gods and men
yeah right so what is it doing here it’s just telling you look the word for gods is often
opposed to the people right it’s gods and people gods are not people people are not gods
they’re that if you’ll notice that that is the distinction of a god that is the defining
characteristic of God and how can we do that how can we go back to the main page
how can we do that when we tell you when you read from now on what a word means
you’re gonna see all of these definitions in the in the book and
they’re gonna tell you this is what the word means you have to realize they are
are determining what that word means based upon other appearances right so yeah we should have
we should have a really good take on what a theos is we should have a really good take
from all the times that we’ve seen it so you’re going to be learning vocabulary not based on some
absolute truth some translator said this equals this no you’re going to be translating based upon
your exposure to the word when you see this word a hundred more times when you see it a thousand
more times you can have a really strong understanding of what a theos actually is
and it’s going to surprise you things you thought there were one-on-one correspondences with there
are not let me give you one example using theos that can be a daimon well what’s that
a daimon is kind of a god if you’re gonna try to translate a demon you’re gonna mess yourself up
because modern demon is not equivalent to a greek daimon snus can be a daimon so what is
what is a daimon then a daimon is a reference to the power behind the god it is technically that
capacity to do those things eros divine daimon eros is that power that erotic power so all it is
to bring to a specific side of the divinity it’s not the same as just a daimon you know it’s it’s
essence of power it’s what it does it’s the thing that possesses you that diamond okay so
realize as you’re learning these words and i give you a hundred percent that was a very nice
quiz there on your vocabulary yeah that’s fine thank you that’s fine um how long did it take
you to do that to memorize the list uh like 10 minutes okay like 10 minutes that’s awfully fast
okay fantastic which everybody has different paces if you’re out there and if you’re out there
um and in madelaine’s head somewhere you’re one of these voices one of these discord voices in
madelaine’s heads head don’t think that it’s going to take you only 10 minutes okay to memorize it
may take you three times as long it doesn’t matter if it does what you need to do is commit these
things to memory that’s all that works that’s all you evoke yeah okay yeah madelaine you did
some sentences from unit one. Let’s see if we understand the syntax of unit one. Go ahead and
read the first sentence and then translate it for me, please.
The Homer teaches the man, or the person. Good, good. Now, let’s just shine it up. Your
pronunciation was perfect okay you’re right on with me pronouncing exactly where i am so perfect
um you said the homer is that definitely there’s still definitely an article well no no what you
want to do is when you see the definite article you want to translate it and they told you in
vocabulary that it means the yeah but but it can also just mean a a horse a dog and people will say
biblical scholars love to make a giant deal out of this and say oh look it’s got the definite
article it can’t be the generic form that’s because they don’t really read that’s because
they really don’t read greek right there is a generic form and a specific form of the definite
article it can just mean ah and when you’ve got it with the name it’s just you um it’s not
non-existent right you are not pointing to it right so perfect okay homer homer did what he
he’s teaching his his man right he’s teaching a man right now he’s teaching mankind maybe
right now by the way as we’re doing these sentences remember that um this is falsified
greek it’s not real greek right so it’s just there to illustrate there are certain things that are
done that you’re not going to be seeing okay so just and don’t worry about the cut like does it
mean anything does it have any philosophical significance absolutely not yeah it’s just
exercises for you okay yeah sorry to slow you down number two go ahead and say it let’s translate it
homer homer’s brother um educates the man most excellent most excellent right and you said
homer’s brother voices in your head may say how did you get that out of ho homer adelfos
Paul is the definite article with Adele false right the brother and then we have
Homer in the genitive case the brother of Homer or Homer’s brother perfectly
done okay so far you’re wrecking this with an A right you’re completely
wrecking it right let’s keep going do number three okay don’t hold me down by
idea way the whole and through pulse this is and throw poses the nominative
so it’s the subject right so then it would be the man educates Homer good man
educates Homer and look did you hear the little question mark in the end of your
voice the manager is backward right because backward and it doesn’t feel
right right now what is the greek what is the greek doing i mean it’s literally you know homer
the man is educating right yeah so it feels backwards to us now i want to point out a lie
to you the first big lie okay this book is on is on at the end of unit one it’s the last bit
in the grammar on page 30 just go there and look at word order and it tells you the basic
grammatical relations of subject verb and direct object are shown in greek by inflection right the
inflection of those nouns and verbs so if those verbs and nouns are already telling you what
they’re doing you don’t need a word order yeah right you can jumble up the words and because
the endings are so specific it’ll mean the same thing so what is the word order what is the word
order really doing look at the second line that says word order is free to express emphasis
contrast balance and variety this is the music this is a part of this is a part of the music of
greek right greek indicates its balance look at this musically greek indicates its balance by its
word order it’s not indicating its meaning right its meaning is not going to change jumble those
words but what you can do is change the balance when you put the word look at a b and c there and
on page 30 under word order that and that one is homer teaches his brother yeah look at number
look at b it’s the same thing homeros is still teaching his brother but this time you’ve got
the paideia way first so the emphasis the emphasis in b is the teaching what is what is homer doing
he’s teaching his brother right there’s no emphasis on his brother or on homer it’s the
fact that the teaching is what’s happening that first position in greek and the last position
are the two stressed positions those are the what the the author is really trying to present is the
first word and the last all right fantastic wow so let’s let’s go back does that make sense
yeah uh-huh nice let’s let’s let’s practice a little bit how about number okay all right no
i’m sorry actually jump down let’s do number six did you get to number six yeah we were talking
about it go for it okay
Ho Adelphos tu Homeru paideiwe tus Anthropos tus, so the double twos, en dei agorei, agorei.
So let’s see here.
the brother of homer educates um the people but so the double twos uh it it just emphasizes the
noun right um in the marketplace so correct you’re correct so the people
sorry i yeah i’ll do it again you’re good do it do it one more time fully through
okay so let’s see here um okay the brother of homer educates the people in the marketplace
good good fantastic now that’s a perfect translation no problem what you’re noticing
is that definite article is repeated yeah this is how this is how it’s being used you can repeat
the article to say hey look this is an attribute of that noun what kind of dog is it it’s a blue
dog right when you repeat the article right like that you’re creating attribution you’re telling
me what is that noun like you’re describing that now so yeah and the what kind of people are those
those are the people in the market and the people in the marketplace teaching is of the teaching of
the people in the marketplace oh god gorgeous okay you got all the hard ones uh i’ll bet how about uh
turn turn to number 16. no you may not have you may not have gotten that far did you get through
all of the exercises um i i mean i read through some of them i didn’t like break them all down
but i can do it okay go to number 16. okay let’s do 16. say that one and then okay translate it um
Adelphi chi in mache hoseos tus antropos tus tu homeru Adelphus paideiwe.
Okay.
Fantastic.
Good.
Good pronunciation.
Let’s see what you got for translation.
All right.
So I notice the Omega, the brother, and the battle of the god of man, Tustu.
So the brother of Homer educates.
So let’s see how that makes sense.
Stop there for a minute.
I want you to notice.
i want you to notice in this one you got in the weeds there’s so much information that they’re
pouring at you there’s so much information they’re pouring at you because you trip because you speak
and write linearly yeah subject verb subject verb object because you rely on that linear
you’re going to get lost in the weeds and everybody gets lost in the weeds so
you gotta find the verb what happens go to the verb just translate what would
just be by itself educate teach he she or it educates right now can you find a
subject anywhere is there a subject anything in the nominative it could be doing the verb
um uh um it’s is it brother adelfi or is it um adelfi with an epsilon on the end
with an epsilon that’s going to be the vocative case so it’s actually okay
so that you’re just going to say oh brother okay oh brother yeah right now where’s the subject
We’re something in the nominative case that can be doing the verb baidewe.
Something in the nominative, just for something in the nominative case.
Okay.
So I would be looking for, is it mahe?
With an iota subscript?
That’s got to be the dative case.
So that’s not the nominative.
Nope, keep going.
Okay.
Look for an article.
Look for a nominative article.
more okay um is it homer i don’t have that’s a genitive so that doesn’t nope that that’s
not going to be a subject god i don’t know there is something here in the nominative
you’re going to kick yourself yeah i know is it um is it man and troopers
i’m taking every word about it okay okay um go to god find god yeah god deus right
right jose is your subject there all right it’s the nominative case so try to make it
that as your subject of pide the god educates good man good um what kind of men are these
these are the two battle them the men of homer’s brothers they’re the brothers of the brothers of
homer yeah right see how tus adelphus is in the same case it’s the accusative same case as tus
anthropus what kind of what kind of men are these these are the brothers of homer right so so you
translate this whole thing oh brother in battle god teaches men specifically the brothers of homer
okay now again don’t try to make sense of it don’t try to like say what it’s just puzzles
they’re just puzzles exactly they’re just puzzles and all they want you to do is say oh okay
look maje maje is a dative in takes a dative right it means in or on in battle
right and then you jump to the end and find paidese okay let’s do okay let’s do number
21 together hojomeros hojomeros what do you notice right away about that hojomeros
um that’s masculine and good um case is it nominative dative accusative what is it um
is is it genitive no it’s a nominative right it’s a nominative you know you know what we’re
going to be doing oh i see sorry yeah right so homer homer homer does what just jump to the verb
right who does omer educate he educates his tone on that phone right the brother
brother and here you’ve got a double accusative right the tech name he teaches his brother the
art and how does he teach it he teaches it bibliois teaches it with books okay okay yeah
the dative is used to express how something is done with in what way is it done by what means
is it done right it’s done with books you’re just gonna have to get used to that day yeah being
that kind of thing okay here’s what now go ahead and take that down um here’s what i have from our
my diagnostic you understand what we just did you do the exercises so that you can see
what you need work on and what you need to what reps you need to do with the reps that we need
to do right now for the next 10 minutes are you turning to page 26 26 okay and i want you to see
the chart in the middle of page 26 and i want you to say to me just like this logos logo logoy logon
and then i want you to pause between the singular and the plural and then i want you to say logoy
logon logos logos and i want you to do it just repeat it three times right now go ahead logos
logo logo logo logo logo logos in the plural logoy logon logois logos try that okay logos lo
goose locois and lo loco i’m gonna do it again listen to me i’ll do the singular after i do the
singular are you ready okay logos logos logoy logon good okay plural logoy local logon local
yeah good i just have to memorize the the declensions and then right you just have to
okay now stop we said it twice i should have just said it three times but now stop and now
just look at the bold just look at the bold and say the endings also on okay
good and in the plural
yeah good say it again just the endings
good now do the neuter at the end except i only want you to say the endings
that’s how i want you to remember this right
if you get that down when you’ve said it enough you will not forget it and you absolutely have
to know it for this one those endings are on page 24 if you turn back to page 24 you’ll see all
those endings i need you to sit on the mode or on your back porch with a cup of tea or while you’re
watching news and i need you to say also you got it okay that’s masculine and neuter you also have
to be able to do feminine now for the feminine on page 21 page 21 i want you a good i want you to do
the aidas a ace a ain’t i own ice yeah a ace a ain’t i own ice us us i i on i on ace us good
and notice that those plurals those plurals are the same i on ice us feminine pearls are not going
to change to adas right they’re going to always stay the same i own ice ice cool good so next
time that we start i have to be able to drill you on your your endings you have to now have
mastered everything in unit one cool okay so next time i really need i why does he oh somebody put
a question one of the voices is my one of the voices in your head is asking about the skipping
of the vocative right because you’re not going to see the vocative frequently and if you memorize
these paradigms with the vocative it will throw you off so don’t all right fantastic fantastic
standard people we’re trying to make it as standard as as easily remembered as possible
easily memorized as possible okay another one that you need work on that i’m going to quiz you before
we come is page 28 page 28 look at the definite articles oh yeah please just go through and say
them once for me in masculine all of the masculine and all feminine and all neuter and i’ll just be
listening in go ahead and you want me to do the feminine or the neuter yeah and i also want you
didn’t notice that that nominative plural has a rough breathing on it. It’s hoi.
Oh yes, hoi, yes. Okay. Good, good.
He tastes a tin. I don’t taste us. Toe, too, toy, toe. Ta, ton, toy, sta.
Oh wait, I forgot tais. So yeah, okay.
Tais, beautiful.
I made a note, but I keep forgetting that. Yeah.
That’s the one correction I was going to make. So since you made it, see, we’re in sync.
that’s how it should be. Those are the definite articles. You’re going to translate those most
of the time as the, just to get a general idea. And then you’re going to work back and say,
is this actually a generalized form? And it should just be a, so don’t worry. You’ll learn.
They tell you context will tell you how to translate those articles. So don’t, don’t worry
about, um, don’t worry about that. And lastly, the last point of grammar that I really wanted to hit
okay is on page 20 there is a very good diagram that you looked at and i’m sure you’re like oh
that’s interesting is that oh yeah is that really gonna help or whatnot it really is if you look at
the different oblique cases they’ve got there that is the additive the dative and the accusative they
have those three oblique cases there they’re not listing the nominative but they’re putting them
there to show you what their relationship is to one another and the cosmos and i’m telling you
this is one of the reasons mother greek is so incredible look at the box all of the cases can
be related to the positioning of the box the accusative is a motion toward or into that box
the dative is the existence on or in that box and the genitive is the exiting the leaving of that
box so accusative direction into dative placement upon and genitive exit out of right movement away
from conceptually if you will understand this point you will be able to break down compound
verbs because you understand exactly how the greek mind is working to say look when it comes to
movement and position there are only three pathways that you can take you can be going
towards something you can be sitting on that something or you can be going away from it
Do you hear, Madalena, how those are, that’s like basic physics?
Yeah.
Yeah.
Right?
It’s how they behave.
It’s the basic physics of the cosmos baked into the language.
The language is expressing that.
So they are thinking.
They are thinking in a way.
They are thinking in a way that is expressing itself in the language.
If you understand how they are thinking, it’s only because you understood that language.
so these little charts that they make of you know conceptual this is what the greek is doing
conceptually they don’t they may not seem like they’re hugely important at this second but it
will come back to you in the future and you’ll be working with the data for example and you’ll be
like oh i do really see that it means to be positioned upon or at or on something and so it’s
it’ll really help. I just wanted you to see that. And that was all, that was all the grammar.
I wanted us not with our few minutes that we’ve got left, I wanted us not to miss
that there are all sorts of notes on the vocabulary after the vocabulary. So like starting on
bottom of page 31 and going to page 32 and 33, 34, you’ve got all of these notes on the vocab.
I don’t want you to be memorizing anything out of these notes.
Okay.
Notes are just there to kind of supplement you for all the words that you’ll be dealing with.
So, for example, at the top of page 32, they give you that little diagram again of the accusative, the dative, and the genitive.
And then they put prepositions.
the accusative preposition ace means into the dative preposition the preposition in takes a
dative case they say and it means in or on and then um ec meaning out of so you can see the
relationship they try to set it up for you there to see the conceptual side that makes more sense
yeah you don’t have to memorize this material but if you could just read it just to expose
yourself to it it will help you okay for next time we’re going to start off with a quiz on those
first and second declension nouns i’m going to make sure that you’re up to speed
okay and on the articles you have to have those memorized and then you and i will read unit two
together emphasizing the big important things that you need to know and we’ll do the same we’ll do
the same format we did today with unit two okay all right if you’re able to translate the sentences
at the end of each unit that’s what tells me you can go forward and you are okay so the best way
to prep for this would be just for you to sit down and read unit two not trying to memorize
not trying to memorize yet just read it okay and then making sure that you have memorized
what’s in unit one because that’s all going to come back to be reinforced on you and all that
kind of stuff it was a lot of work today and you hung in there this is a lot of you know this is a
lot so it’s the pace is going to seem like it’s getting faster and faster but the only thing
we’re doing is reading the chapters together doing the exercises together that’s it yeah doing
some okay some testing okay awesome okay all right all right and you had some menander today it
wasn’t too easily exciting but um i’ll bring in some more a little more interesting but you know
you have to see that you can do this and so that’s why they give you the menander okay cool all right
all right i’m going to go is it clear what you need to do for tomorrow yes yeah fantastic i’ll
see you tomorrow thank you madeline it’s good keep it up thank you so much and and work hard and
by the time we get to the 20th unit you’re going to be surprised you’re going to be oh
my god i made it through the whole thing awesome fantastic okay thank you have a good one you too
Thank you, Amin.
Thank you, everybody.
See you.
Catch everybody.
Source: Lady Babylon