Descriptions:
Video Description
This lesson finishes the -mi verbs and then opens the vocabulary one word at a time so the English flattens less. Ammon Hillman starts with kratos (κράτος), strength and might, and shows it also named the number ten for the Pythagoreans, because ten means mastery and completed power. Mathetes (μαθητής), learner or disciple, is traced to the root of manthanō (μανθάνω), to learn, and mechanaomai (μηχανάομαι) is shown to mean contriving with the mind, to build or devise a plan rather than simply to do something.
The main grammar is the object clause of effort. Verbs that mean striving or caring, like prattō (πράττω) and mechanaomai, take hopōs (ὅπως), that, plus a future indicative, as in he is bringing it about that he will rule the city. Hillman also keeps the story alive through the words: the Greek for common, koinos (κοινός), sits against idios (ἴδιος), private, so making something common is profaning what was set apart, and the word sin is tied to missing a mark while tunchanō (τυγχάνω) means hitting it.
The translation practice lands on three verbs English refuses to make one word for. Lanthanō (λανθάνω) means to escape someone’s notice, so with a participle it becomes he did it secretly, phthanō (φθάνω) means to come first or outstrip, and tunchanō, to happen, marks the reality that comes into being when the mark is hit. The same skill of structure is rehearsed on a passage from Apollodorus where Ouranos first held power and the Hundred-Handers were born, reading real narrative Greek rather than the contorted classroom sentences.
Full Video Transcript
How are you, Madalena?
I’m pretty good. How are you?
I’m doing well. I don’t know if you noticed, but these two units, 13 and 14, go together very well, don’t they?
Yeah, yeah.
They are just, I mean, all it’s doing is finishing up the me verbs for us.
Yeah.
And we’re getting all their forms. Oh, God. It’s still a lot. Did you read? Were you able to make it through them?
yeah i i read 13 14 and um i went over the vocab a little bit um yeah what was your impression
um uh there’s me verbs and it’s just a lot a little overwhelmed uh a couple of a couple of
little extra things for us to do there at the end of each chapter like an object clause of effort
whatever the fuck that is right oh gosh and then an accusative of respect and accusative of respect
and a day of respect compared yeah that was 13 that was 13 those there’s things okay let’s do
this so that we don’t kill it okay let’s go to page 381 okay which is the vocab and i just want
you to pick it let’s look for one like really serious word in that entire group of words and
let’s look up uh that on the lsj just to expand our mind um go ahead and okay or do you have one
do you have one in mind you want to do no no you can pick you tell me no i’m gonna make you pick
All right.
Kratos.
Okay.
So they give us strength or power, right?
Strength or power.
Now let’s learn where we get our strength or power from.
Let’s go to Kratos.
Right?
So strength and power.
Kratos is not going to be huge, right?
But let’s see if we can blow it.
into something you know like see it like more native like they were seeing okay so we get that
strength and might right up front especially in homer of bodily strength that’s fine oh god
look at the bottom of the first paragraph um in the middle second it’s like the third to bottom
high rain kata and then a kappa which is kratos right but they’re gonna put it a different case
kratos right oh god it’s actually neter kratos right so it’s the same thing okay what does that
mean to take something by storm hiring to take it right to take it kata according to its kratos
according to its strength take something by storm that’s neat huh personified surprised that it’s
personified but then look at number two that’s interesting power you’re not getting that are you
are you pulling that in power what’s the difference between strength and power right i mean
seriously why are we using two english words to define this thing number three is mastery or
victory over okay okay ah pythagorean 10 did you get a chance to see any of the sacred numbers
the sacred numbers like in the book that you suggested yeah i looked a little bit through it
the pdf but i didn’t read very deeply okay number 10 is strength or power and look at this wiki yeah
god all right um yeah is that interesting is that it looks like it possibly is an ancient concept
then i mean it when i say ancient i mean bronze age i’m curious yeah right i’m curious what the
pythagorean um theology of arithmetic says about it but it’s the name for ten why is ten strength
and power and mastery there’s a reason for that and it should make sense to us but it doesn’t okay
hit me some of these hit me some of these verbs look at that let’s start month on okay hit me
yeah and there’s no fifth or sixth principle part because you don’t you can’t do that passively
right yeah yeah you can’t learn you got to learn something right you have an object there
manzano i understand now go to the third principle part emathon take off take off the epsilon and the
ending and you get the base the ending is on so it’s a second era so moth is the root so if you
just take that moth and you put a taste on the end of it it’s going to be somebody who does something
so a mathetes is somebody who learns it’s funny yeah yeah and that’s the word for disciple or um
the students of jesus right my mathetes right because why they’re learning they’re learning
what do you do when you macho my macho my fight
oh my gosh um and then
good to fight and it takes a dative it takes a dative don’t you remember the whole fighter
battle is the mache right so it’s not it’s not it shouldn’t you should be recognizing that mach root
yeah and yeah it’s got terrible principle parts those things are terrible right rough to say
right now if we had all day we would sit and chant these off and memorize them all but you don’t have
time meta did to me hopefully you just crammed the first you know six seven units eight units of
principal parts into your head right hopefully that’s that’s set there but if we had more time
i would say um okay let’s go over principal parts and we do this every day meta dido me
meta the prefix by itself they says indicate sharing or change notice that’s not a translation
right it’s just telling you when you add a meta onto something you’re going to indicate sharing
or change so meta did owe me to give a share to to literally meta plus give to give meta share a
give yeah yeah uh-huh uh-huh met on the east of my oh do that one that one’s that those are long
as hell go ahead um to share a stand no no no read the principle okay oh but you yes no but
look what you’re doing yes it’s meta oh good i’m so thank you for doing that i wasn’t paying
attention boy extra points for you right it’s right okay it’s yeah it’s got look you’re building
the roots yeah good having a share in some kind of standing up right okay go ahead
good good and what is that here let’s do this
i agree okay let’s do it let’s do this one too yeah and i just oh my god i’m gonna embarrass
myself where’s oh look at this look i was looking at michael sellis look this is byzantine madelena
love it where is the god damn myth oh god you’d look at i just oh my god i think i’m losing it
i think i’m losing it look what i did what is that that’s an addicization there of the dorian
why am i not getting this right oh people edit this out you must edit this out why is lsj not
is blocking it that’s weird let me try a perfect oh my god why the fuck are they blocking it i
don’t know why i’m sorry that’s i’ve never isn’t the isn’t the theta a q isn’t the theta a q
there’s no theta though that’s there’s no theta in it okay never mind yeah no but thank you though
why is it not working people here i’m gonna try it again i can’t believe it um usually no
interesting interesting they’ve what did they forget the did they forget the word entry here
watch people when it locks up when it when it locks up like this there’s one thing you can do
how do i get to the top no the top of this let’s see it’s this one that i need sometimes you can
go with words starting with and let’s see if we can put it ah there we go you you it’s a computer
fucking glitch or something look at okay there we go it’s meta histamine do you see that’s what i
put at the beginning was that long lengthened alpha because that’s what you do remove from
your own country though boring remove or avert remove migrate it’s not very exciting is it
all of that for not very exciting but what we learned look let me show you again what i just
did get that get that thing off there was it there we go people when you don’t have all the
it’s because it’s met on histamine right and it’s not um with the alpha on the end right in this
case so in its lexical entry so um uh if you if you’ve got some kind so it was technically my
mistake but if you’ve got some kind of glitch where you’re not getting in cut off the last
third of the word and just start with this search that says word starting with okay and that’s what
you’ll get it from yeah all of that for damn it look at this where’d that song go oh god i want
to show you something um this is the galen where he talks about something beautiful that i’m going
to bring tomorrow night and this is the michael sellis where he brings in the poetry of the great
dragon s oh god you can love it okay sorry no what back to this make a name make a nice hey
right your machine god in the box make a not oh my make a nice oh my nice and make a nice
saw man and make it see if you concentrate on that accent um everything kind of flows together
better and make honey salmon yeah yeah to control to come up with the device in your mind right to
devise to devise so you can do that you can devise something here let’s do making out oh my because
that’s going to be way way more interesting what does it mean to devise something to come up with
some kind of invention let’s see what it means in their brains to prepare to make ready to make
something by art notice there’s a connection with art to construct or build they like they’re always
talking about their goddamn walls that they’re building in the alien anyway um but that’s
wall building is part of the verb or just building right more frequently it’s contrive or devise
all right that’s yeah yeah i would say definitely it’s really heavy it’s really heavy is
another way of thinking another way of contemplating in the middle to procure to procure
so it’s a contriving in the middle voice so it’s using your mind to devise something for
your advantage that is procuring yeah interesting strategy oh there you go that’s what it says
nice it’s right what’s your what is your stratagem baby what are you thinking about right
okay so look of course they made up this word right because this romans are not going to be
doing it but if you get a xifos and a xifus right tall that’s just your sword don’t bother look that
one up that’s not going to tell you anything interesting i guarantee you oh look at this one
oh this one will go up to hetairos yeah what is it companion what is a companion do you have a
a companion right now like a dog or like a partner yeah i suppose it could be both your dog could be
your partner or your partner could be a dog right what does it really mean comrade companion there’s
your friend disciple yeah okay in arms yeah mess mates your mess mates the people you eat with and
when you’re dressed up like a soldier, doing soldier things, right? Pupils of Socrates.
Pupils of Socrates. Now, okay, some kind of somebody who’s in a learning kind of position.
Political partisans, right? I haven’t actually seen that one that much, but I’m a little light
on the orators. I don’t read a lot of Lysias, right, or Demosthenes. It’s just me. Look at
Number five, though, members of a religious guild, your community, right?
And notice that it’s Cilicia.
It’s Cilicia that it’s in, right?
So it’s in that province where we’re getting this.
So people can say, I don’t care what people say, there’s influences.
The language is going to tell us more than anything.
Rarely of lovers.
Yeah, I got to admit, I haven’t seen that hardly at all.
Right?
right look at hetairoi the guards the cavalry the macedonian kings that’s okay right look at
number two tucked away at the very very bottom you want to know where you see most of these
your courtesans right your courtesans these notice they give you a historian herodotus right
historian and no no it’s opposite to the porno oh opposite okay yeah to the point is that like a
servant yeah well a porno is a common prostitute no i mean a courtesan is it like a servant
oh courtesan thank you for woman look i’m a i’m a 50 year old greek dude i fought my battles i’ve
done my thing i have a piece of land and i’m trying to get some of the highest office in my
country so i need a courtesan oh yeah who has connections and who can help me with what i need
to achieve she’s going to be educated and um all the best lawyers or things rhetoricians we they
called them all the best lawyers and all the best government employees if you want to call them
um famous names generals we um used courtesans for the sake of counsel education and um and
social connections yeah and some of the most famous courtesans are movers and shakers of history
so um it’s the opposite of a common prostitute this is you know um a an advisor think of an
advisor like the romans do it with the youth right so you know when you’re in your 20s
you’re gonna have connections in the aristocracy if you’re an aristocrat through the female lovers
that you have had of the older aristocratic women. And when I say older, I mean like 40,
50 year old aristocratic women, right? You could say 30s too, because the senators are all getting
married young, right? So you’ve got this funny, within the aristocracy, right? A funny division
between ages, right? My wife is 20, I’m 60, right? So who does my wife fool around with when I become
70. She fools around with Julius Caesar, right, when he’s 25 or whatever, right?
They advise you. Courtesans advise you. Yeah, it’s, yeah, there’s a lot of, you know, they become
characters. People make fun of them. Very famous, what, there’s a very famous Athenian courtesan
who raises enough money oh god what does she do oh it was it was one of the biggest projects they
had and anyway she insisted that they put on the dedication um that it was paid for by her
and that she was a she was a hetaira specifically she insisted that when they set up the monument
to her that it had her name on it with the title hetaira so don’t don’t think that you know yet is
there sexual stuff going on between to the two yes they’re lovers but they’re also in a position
of she is teaching and guiding him counseling him so um yeah it’s a good thing to apprentice
to a hetaira who is connected right oh god right with the artist community and everything
oh um this hetaira who did that she was was it praxiteles very famous sculptor of his um
aphrodite when he did aphrodite like one of the most famous greek sculptors ever when he did it
he used her as his model because what else could be more inspiring of her she was said to be
very easily the most beautiful woman in athens so and a very well-known hetaira so um what is
what is a hetaira god it’s it’s it it’s really difficult to tell you besides just you know kind
to try to give you examples of actual ones that’s cool yeah let’s hurry up here my god man
what is what is the preposition epi do with the genitive it means on think of on epidermal
epidermal right oh god with a dative on again or pertaining to you got to remember that pertaining
to see how the preposition can cover like a physical area of time and space or it can cover
like an idea all right you can either be on something or you can pertain to something that’s
okay fine on to over and against with the accusative by the way i just want you to see
i hope we’re still sharing if you just put epi your proposition just a basic proposition that’s
all over the place. If you just put it in here, look what you get. Now, in the very beginning,
they’re going to give you a wide definition, right? Look, preposition with genitive, dative,
accusative. To denote the being upon or supported upon or surface. Okay, but then watch what happens.
They give you the genitive, and you’ll watch the meaning kind of drift through different
connections well here it’s got its own universe when you’re talking about ships how about with
numerals right when you’re using numerals with it you’re promoting the depth you know the depth
what is the on something it’s the depth of something what look plus a genitive of the
person it can mean in the presence of someone right epi marturon in the presence of the witnesses
oh god with verbs of perceiving in the case of so look all i’m trying to do is show you look
these are used a whole bunch of different ways a whole bunch of different ways yeah with different
types of verb here’s if you have motion do you have motion involved well look here’s what it’s
going to be look at b and implying motion in a pregnant sense denoting the goal of motion
excuse me what seriously so it’s carrying the idea of the goal of motion right ultimately this
act is going to result in motion what about if it’s dealing with time right how does it change
things how do you deal with time in an epicense so once you apply it and then we finally get to
data look how much data is oh my god oh my god in various causal senses on of the occasion or
cause there it is and it’s going to give you all of the examples what you’re
looking at and the reason I’m bothering to do this Madelaine is because I want
you to see what you’re looking at these editors these these Victorian editors
have gone through and they have pulled out actual Greek and they have said look
how it’s used here so when we when we bring all of these types together what
are we seeing all of these types of uses of epi now we’re going to be talking
about a cause for something right and so that’s how that’s how you get to know
these words is because there are so many examples if we didn’t have all these
examples you’d have idiots like biblical scholars guessing and just giving a very
very basic meaning to it and just doing whatever they want to make their text
look good Oh God look at here here here and at the end of these they’re gonna
to give you um how the prefix is going to work all sorts of different prefixes
right and here’s so how are you going to get a feel for this world just by exposure the more
you see it in context and it clicks in and makes sense the more you’re going to build a feeling for
it um and the prepositions are big that way because they’re all over the place how about this verb
gig no my please oh to be born right yeah
yeah to be born become happen yeah yeah think of um look at what happens in the third principle
part again look at the root gen think of genesis yeah all right all of those so you see it’s in
there look oh you can see it in the future too there it is it’s creeping in
what is happening why is there a new there and why is that gamma like dominating it why is it
gignomai and not ginomai, right? Some lexica will actually try to list it as ginomai, but
they don’t know what they’re doing. There’s a gamma there that is interacting with that nu.
It all has to do with the vowels, right? The vowels are going to change it. Gagona. Why?
Because there’s two vowels there, right? We don’t have an obstruction with guh and nuh
In that first principle part together, we have an obstruction.
The only reason we can allow that is because it’s a nu.
Nu has a special rule with it, right?
When it comes to putting it next to a gamma, it really becomes the gamma, right?
So that’s why in the beginning, in that introduction, there has to be rules about how do you pronounce a gamma gamma?
we pronounce it as an ng in english right yeah why because there’s a new there in your mouth
now let’s all go to a festival that’s nice a couple other words auspice oh nice that’s your
shield in battle you know what i mean archon what is an archon uh ruler or archon what is that to
you in your mind i get i get like vibes of with archons i get vibes of uh some movie what was
that puppet movie with the those big ugly puppets that little dark isn’t like uh like um well you
know there’s that there’s like the occulty archon but then there’s also isn’t it used as like the
word for a general or like a governor type yeah it is yeah it is yeah just a ruler you’ve got
archons all over the speaking world but and that’s where they start with chief or king
right um magistrate wait what did you say oh it says of satan
yeah what is an archon what is an archon of this cosmos right because that’s what they’re putting
here archon to cause what is the archon the ruler of this cosmos does that do you know what that is
like instinctively yeah i think it’s the pre it’s the prefect right he’s the prefect prefect satan
well it’s the one who dispenses the cosmos look people look at what that
cosmos is this is what Satan is the Archon of the order the Archon of the
order what is the order to a woman’s face what is the order I’m serious
they’re thinking this. What is the order to a woman’s face? It is her cosmos. Do you know what
this is originally, the cosmos, if you’ve actually read it in the Greek? It’s some kind of container
that women use to carry everything they need to order themselves, right? Everything they needed,
all the drugs that you need you didn’t use your skin tightening drug today so your face looks
10 years older than it could that’s because you are out of order right oh god look into it do you
know what they god what are the what was that a tyra’s fucking name because they said about her
that um uh when she defended that she was the best looking woman she said you take those other
women that you just mentioned and you wipe off their faces and stand them next to me and you’ll
see why i’m the best looking she was known she was known to not need um cosmetics okay but she was
be you know she’s like in a different league right so the rest of us we have to wear cosmetics
and we do that as a way of ordering ourselves see how it says under number two ornament decoration
especially of women it was a box it was a box and there were perfumes in that box
that you could use perfumes that you could use in order to affect the people’s moods around you
all right interesting yes drugs that you could use to influence now jason goes around raping
people with those drugs right no i’m serious that’s right look at what else the cosmos
us encompasses regulation see number three regulation right what are you doing regulating
the system the devil satan is the regulator of a system itself right the everything that’s
happening is happening within the movement of a system and this is his system and that’s there’s
No, the Bible says that all the time.
Jesus is like, you know, devil rules this fucking place, right?
That’s why the devil is offering what the devil is offering.
But I want you to realize that behind what the devil offers is the very feminine, strikingly feminine concept of rulership through one’s personal order.
which i think probably i don’t know probably to women that makes better sense i don’t know
does that make better sense to you slightly i don’t know rulership through one’s personal order
do you want people to worship you me yes for what
it’s just a question do you want people to worship you here how do i stop sharing
do you want people to worship you, right? The power that you are projecting is the power of
your order. It’s your ability to pull somebody under your power, right? Remember how I said all
the magic, the early magic is all sex magic, right? That’s where we’re all picking it up,
right? They’re making filters and they’re poisoning each other for the sake of intercourse,
right? They’re enhancing their drive and leading themselves to Aphrodite, so much so that you’ve
got a chorus. If you hang out with these lunatic mystery initiates, they’ve got a chorus of men
standing there with erections. They’re called satyrs. And that’s all they do is stand there
with erections all the time ready to go under the under the influence of a compound not the plant
but the compound satyrian that’s what they’re that’s what they’re using so do you hear how
much drugs is in this how much yeah right right that’s all a part of the cult and it’s controlled
and manipulated and discovered by women for the sake of your own worship for the sake of your
worship as if that’s something that is normal like it’s part of the part of the feminine mind
is to create to create is to make beauty and when you create and make beauty you’re to be worshipped
right it’s all it’s like a internal physics or something of the of the female mind okay
um enough vocabulary and perhaps some things to make things stick a little bit um 12 and i mean
13 and oh god where did it go back to page one i lost my page at the beginning of 13 if you’ll
turn with me quickly there okay i just want to skim oh we’re gonna we’re coming up on a break
but we’re gonna skim look at page 369 i just want you to look at the forms that are being generated
the aorist active and middle right aorist active and middle go to page 370 and look at the aorist
indicative active all right heiress eduka edukas edoke edomin edote edosan nice nice they call it
a mixed heiress a mixed heiress ah i’m sure you read that you did you you were picking up all
that stuff when you’re reading it right yeah mm-hmm good look at his stay me on the next page
what’s the real what’s the real thing that we need to memorize this unit go back to page 369
and look at the forms yeah the principal parts just look at them just look at them
didomi do so look at the heiress edoka it looks like it it looks like a perfect doesn’t it start
to look like a perfect but it’s not right you’re go to the fourth principle part and you see dead
doka there you got the perfect you because you got the reduplication you got the reduplication
of the first the first vowel consonant combination you get a reduplication of it
perfect yeah how about tithami to put her place tithami face so ethic that you’re going to do
yourself the most advantage this chapter by looking at these principal parts now you know
what i said at the beginning we’ve got to memorize principal parts you’ve got to memorize principal
parts yeah and then histemi stay so estesa or estane oh look oh god transitive versus intransitive
right make stand versus stand oh god to stand something up or just stand there right oh okay
so there’s different forms of that estane and estaca yeah yeah esta my esta thing make the
stand intransitive and middle okay good i just want you to see principal parts so now jump back
and fly across the heiress to the page 372 to the era subjunctive at the bottom of the page
just notice the vowels are long yeah right oh god so look at dough how are you going to pick that
out dough yeah so it is so yeah okay stowman state on the next page 373 top stowman stata stosi
thoman, theta, thosi, doman, dota, dosi, and you’re going to look at dosi, and you’re going to say,
oh, God, is that a third-person plural, or am I hallucinating? It’s just the ditto me,
titha me, hista me type of verb that we’re putting together, and there’s nothing new,
so you should fly through it, and you did. You flew through the optative. Notice it had the iota.
you looked at its imperative forms on the top of page 376 you’re going to you’re going to see
those imperative forms dos you know give hey you give let him give daughter right you plural give
daughter right um let them give don ton don ton which you’re going to confuse for a participle
everybody does right because it looks like a participle then you get the middle imperatives
right oh a whole nother section whole nother section finally we get to some grammar on page
one on page 2378 and that’s what we’re going to discuss that’s that’s what we really need to
discuss the object clauses yeah the object clauses and just to do some examples so you can see them
because those are important and there’s a couple of the types of accusative they’re going to
introduce us to and there’s there’s like 30 of these that you haven’t seen yet so it’s not a
big deal it’s just hey this is another way to use the accusative okay take a break and um i’ll see
you at the let’s see um 10 minutes we’ll do 10 minutes so we don’t waste our time 10 minutes
all right yep okay fantastic so i’m figuring out how to share so i’m gonna share this with you
boom okay fantastic um object clauses of effort just read for me this first paragraph
verbs of effort striving or caring often take object clauses of effort with the future indicative
introduced by the conjugation conjunction hopeless that the negative is may good here’s so so they
say one verb that does it is prato is that an effort am i am i make i mean i know this sounds
silly madeline but you know they’re yeah okay they are verbs of effort let’s just appreciate
that prato you’re doing something you’re bringing something about another they say is mehanaomai
notice that mehanaomai is an alpha right it’s got your alpha in there oh it’s a contract
right okay um so to contrive you see how prato is just to really to do or to bring something about
whereas mechano is to like oh i’m really gonna really gonna think about this contrive something
so prate hopos tes poleos arxe what tense is arxe um is it perfect no it’s a future
oh these are all gonna these are all gonna be future mix those up no that’s okay now you’re
gonna not never forget that your object class is gonna take a future right oh god love it
future indicative oh yeah it’s right there it’s ridiculous perfect perfect so that’s what we’re
looking for prate he’s doing something he’s putting out some effort right now hopos you
want to say that it’s like you’re in order that they’re going to distinguish them to that he’s
working you know that he’s going to bring it about that he’s going to do something i’ll say he’s going
to rule the city right notice the city is in the genitive arjo takes a genitive you rule over
something in the genitive good he’s bringing about that he will rule the city does that make sense
yeah that he will rule the city yeah here when i say it in greek
he’s doing it
good he’s bringing it about that he will do something good
and why is it with an omega there it’s because it’s an alpha contract that’s all
and it’s naturally making it. It’s just a present, right? They are doing something. They are
struggling to do something. They are contriving. Hopos that, nikesusin, they will overcome
the polemios, the enemy, right? Okay. They’re contriving. Does that, do object clauses of
effort makes sense uh yeah a little bit you can switch around the subjects here in that third
example they give us mehanaste you are now contriving hopos that but there’s a different
subject it’s not that you could do something it’s that the democracy will not dissolve will not be
destroyed you are contriving that the democracy will not be destroyed does that make sense yeah
you’re still using that future that future verb right it happens to be a future passive it doesn’t
matter it can be active or passive as long as it’s future okay yeah and they’re they’re going to
emphasize this by saying look the future indicative is still used when the introductory verb is in
secondary tense when so when it’s in the past they were contriving hopos that
that they would you hear the you want to make it a will they will no they were contriving that they
would defeat the enemy we need that will kicked into secondary right oh god right oh and then
finally in case all of that wasn’t clear right they threw in something additional here these
object clauses can be used you know for exhortation like that prohibitive subjunctive and that
imperative right and that hortatory remember the hortatory let us do something yeah right you can
have an exhortation with this clause of effort and ins instead of that translating is that you
translated to something like see to it or make it so that right see to it that something happens
let us see to it that hopelessness let us see to it that we conquer let us conquer what’s the
difference it’s just like a hortatory subjunctive and you should try to make the connection now that
you’re doing that yeah okay all right now you’re going to ask yourself and i want you to read what
is a very important section.
You’re going to ask yourself,
what the hell is the difference between that,
an object clause of effort, and a purpose clause?
Can’t you just use a purpose clause there?
Why do you need an object clause of effort?
Because the object clause of effort is focusing on something else.
Look at these two sentences right here on page 380.
The object clause of effort answers the question,
what is he doing and the purpose clause answers why right is he doing it why is the person doing
it that’s the purpose clause they’re doing it in order to be happy you know whatever right
what are they doing they are bringing it about that somebody’s gonna do something right do you
see how that’s you’re you’re concerned with the object in the object clause okay whereas the
purpose that makes sense yeah you’re concerned with why yeah it does kind of make sense right
what is practically do you have to do you have to realize now that hopos can be used in that
purpose clause but if you’ve got some kind of exertion there right like this mehana or this
prato i want you to see if he’s using a future he’s not the the speaker he or she is not referring
to the why but the what’s going to happen right if you’ve got an object there you’ve got to say
hey this is what’s being emphasized with that hopos hopos can go either way right um so this
this is kind of how do you what really counts is you’re trying to figure out how to translate it
into english and whether or not something may happen is a lot different than something will
happen because of what somebody’s doing so it’s actually quite different and that’s why you use
the indicative with that object clause of effort yeah okay anywho anywho any questions on those
before we finish up the grammar i know i understand that okay accusative of respect i just want you to
Look at the accusative of respect example.
Psyche min kalos hos Socrates.
Soma de aes kros.
With respect to the Psyche, Socrates is kalos.
That’s a full sentence.
Kalos hos Socrates.
Socrates is gorgeous.
That’s a complete sentence.
Socrates is gorgeous.
then you just tacked on an accusative sitting there it’s not the direct object because it’s
the verb to be colos is good right it’s it’s the verb to be is going to make the case of whatever
the thing is the same as it is if you want to say socrates is beautiful colos has to be in the
nominative case and all of a sudden we’ve got a little psican sitting there no place to go right
so it’s a this one is an acting as an accusative of respect with respect to the soul socrates is
beautiful but with respect to the body she’s ice cross because soma there is an accusative that’s
another accusative it’s a nominative or an accusative because it’s neutered to soma okay
good good good the soldier is good in battle right with respect to battle
this soldier is agathos it’s good so if you ever see a little a little accusative sitting there
and you’re like it’s not acting as an object of the verb nobody’s doing anything to this battle
it’s just sitting there try this accusative of respect just say with respect to blank
and it may it’ll it may click in right okay yeah what’s the difference then because
the accusative of respect and the dative of respect have both been used okay how do they
differ now you’re getting into minutiae right this is a tiny this is a tiny point right that
yeah that in an intensive course is just like okay this is not a huge deal um they differ though
in that the force of the dative is instrumental while the force of the accusative is limiting
Will you please explain that?
Psyche in Kalos Hosokrates.
Hosokrates.
Socrates is Kalos.
Psyche in soul.
In soul.
Socrates’ beauty is limited to one area, his soul.
Yeah.
Right?
As far as now.
What about the dative?
Hosokrates.
Oh, I see.
Socrates is beautiful.
Yeah.
Psyche.
Do you get it?
Socrates is beautiful.
by means of his soul by means of his soul isn’t that nice specifying yeah
it’s an instrument his soul becomes an instrument for the good right with the dative right with this
with the accusative all we’re doing is we’re telling you the limit of his beauty his limit
is his soul right but with the data we’re saying it’s by means of his soul that is that he’s a
beautiful guy it’s like you know there’s a difference right yeah okay okay now before we
get to exercises because we’re going to do exercises all together i want to point out that
unit 14 we’re going to unit 14 which is page starts on page 395 page 395 notice that all this
unit is is an extension didomi tithemi histemi once again only this time we’re doing the
participles yeah all right so just me verbs but yeah you’ve seen them all you see you saw these
written out okay here’s your present oh god look at this right we get it for didomi tithemi and
histemi, right, tithes, look at that, tithes, didus, histas, histas, histasa, histan, nice,
those are not new forms, you’re gonna, you’re gonna know intuitively, histantos is your genitive,
yeah, they’re going to have these, the very same morphology that you’ve been learning all this
time, but look, there’s a second aorist as well, you’re just gonna realize these are out there,
you’re going to see these forms and you’re going to have to you’re going to have to know that
they’re there that’s all yeah look at your look at your present middle passive you just put an
ominous on the end of the d-do right dominos to feminos histominos with all their characteristic
vowels that’s it perfect participle look it’s the same thing it’s the same thing look at the genitive
From hestos, we get hestatos, right?
From hestosa in the feminine, we get hestoses.
Just like you would expect.
So it’s not new stuff.
When do they start showing us new stuff?
They only give us a couple of things.
Look at this.
Are you kidding me on page 398?
The verb, you’re going to give me an entire section, a grammar section on one fucking verb?
Yes, right?
These are minor points, but they are things that are common in Greek.
So they give you the principal parts of a new verb, deiknumi, to show.
And it tells you this thing is a thematic in the present and imperfect, right?
And every other thing, it’s going to function just like paidewo.
Okay, did you really need to know that?
No.
Is that a huge point of grammar?
No, absolutely not.
But I just want you to see, the book is saying,
I just want you to see that there are going to be verbs that are mixed,
and they’re going to look like they have funny forms.
Look at the present.
Dakenu-mi, dakenus, dakenusi, dakenumin, dakenute, dakenuasi.
And you see those endings for your, you see the me on the end of the first person singular.
Oh, okay.
Well, that looks pretty standard, right?
Okay, okay.
In the middle, right?
Mai sai tai, metha sta un tai there.
Are you going to be surprised by that?
No, you’re going to say that’s a middle passive ending.
I get it, right?
So then they give you the imperfect.
Yeah, you’re not going to recognize on the next page when you get to 399.
Realize we’re 400 pages into this.
When you get to 399 and you see ed deik nun is the imperfect indicative active, the imperfect.
Does it look like an imperfect? Kind of, but not really. So it’s got some odd forms. That’s not
entirely new grammar. They didn’t need to do this for us. But because there are so many
of these exceptions to the rules that you have to learn, because they’re common,
these exceptions are common. So they’re slapping you in the face with a big one,
with the verb to display something or to show or to reveal something right take to me all right i
reveal take so i real will reveal right you’re not gonna have a hard time with this trust me ed
dake then in the heiress passive i was revealed or shown yeah i was exposed right that’s okay
anyway let’s get to the grammar in this chat this unit because it’s just like another
okay this go to page 401 401 the supplementary use the supplementary use of the participle
a supplementary participle completes the meaning of the verb the participle indicates aspect only
not relative time is that why we have to have those those temporal conjunctions that’s why
those temporal conjunctions are use useful right look at this supplementary participle with the
verbs of emotion oh god why is it so goddamn specific many verbs indicating emotion take a
supplementary participle it sort of makes sense right hiro is one of them hiro right oh god yeah
i what does hiro mean it means i’m having a good time i’m i’m enjoying i’m having pleasure in
whatever this thing is that i’m having pleasure in right hi so i will have pleasure right now
watch what happens in the example in greek you are having pleasure
doing this and the doing is in the nominative plural it’s a nominative plural right why because
the subject is you plural that’s you plural you plural take pleasure so you take pleasure
doing this thing all right what are we what are we doing we’re using a participle with a verb
right that’s all that’s that’s all that this is saying you can you can use a participle with a
verb. Look at the second example. Again, you are honored this time from timao. You are honored
doing this. It’s causal. Do you see how this is just a participle helping you to fill in the
blanks of what the main verb is doing, right? Somebody’s being honored. You’re being honored.
But within the universe of being honored, it’s because you are poyuntestuto, because you are
doing this yes you enjoy doing right we’re doing the same thing in english when we when we add
when we add our participle doing right perfect supplementary participle with verbs of beginning
so verbs of beginning ceasing and enduring like to use their participles just go to the examples
we stopped doing this we stopped doing this yeah right right we will stop
them a direct object we will stop them doing this notice that the participle is now in the
accusative plural accusative plural why is it in the accusative plural because autos
that it is modifying is in the accusative plural we will stop those people doing this thing yeah
we will stop them from doing notice they put from because it sounds right in english to say
you stop sending somebody yes from doing something right oh these participles translated by the
gerund gerund and gerundives oh god right which ones of those are adjectives the gerundives right
the verb arco means begin can take a supplementary participle or an infinitive
we will begin doing this we will begin doing this all right you can use the you can use the
infinitive right we will begin to do this yeah okay supplementary participle fantastic now
um more verbs more verbs lanthano now wait a minute though these three verbs i want you to
look at these bastards because these are the most confusing goddamn verbs in ancient greek
okay okay are you are you ready for this just when you thought you had all the you had all
the pressure applied now you’ve got more read me the principal parts of the first one tell me what
it means to escape the notice of what the hell you mean they have an entire verb that’s just
about i’ve managed to escape you noticing me doing something what right and it’s really common
and you can put compounds on it i want to i want to i want to show you this verb
bum and you should have this okay here it is fantastic look what it says it says in
parentheses at the top which is the form of the active generally used in compounds
generally used in comments you mean it’s more common to see this thing in a compound than it
is anything else yes okay that’s a new concept for you right okay just yeah in compounds so you’re
gonna be putting prefixes on this thing you’re gonna see it with with with um in its compound
form more than you’re gonna see it just by itself lontano okay okay um what does it mean can
somebody please tell me when do they ever you never define it look to escape the notice notice
right somebody number one somebody escapes somebody else’s notice right that’s fine number
two most frequently with a participle oh is this that supplementary participle yes added in which
case we usually translate the participle by a verb and express lanthano by an adverb without
being observed so it’s like secretly he did something secretly uh yeah um yeah the hoopoe
yeah um look at b causal causal to make one forget a thing it takes a genitive
genitive rei, of the thing, rei means of the thing in Latin, a genitive of the thing in compounds,
ek leithano, right? So that’s going to take some kind of genitive of the thing that you’re evading,
right? It’s ridiculous, okay? It’s absolutely ridiculous. Using this is so awkward in English,
right we’re just gonna do it we’re gonna translate this as a adverb to secretly do something okay
that’s number one number two is this thano which sucks yeah not only to say it but it also sucks
in how to translate it go ahead read the principal parts of that one
thano they so my if they if they see if they or if they act first be first and doing something or
anticipate someone to come before okay all right when i want to when i want you to know that i’m
the first one to do it not you this is the verb that you use are you kidding me are you kidding
me that’s not a verb in english i do something before you do something that’s a sentence right
well they’re taking that entire sentence and they’re putting it into the this concept of
thano to be the first to do something watch i’m going to show it to you and it’s reality because
this is how you’re going to see it in the bush right when you’re out the thick of it when
i hope our i hope our australians appreciate that i use their i steal things from other cultures
look at it well where the hell does it look at they’re not even telling us again this is
the more you use lsj the more you realize oh when they don’t really tell you what it means
for a couple of paragraphs it means that um it’s an exceptionally common but difficult
to translate into english concept to come or do first before others right look at roman numeral
number one to go beforehand with to overtake to outstrip absolutely like when like when you and
i are racing to work or something we’re like i don’t know we work down the street and both of
us run down the street to the to our job i’m gonna beat you on tuesday because i get a head
start i’m going to overtake you out i’m going to outstrip you but on wednesday you’re going to beat
me because i’m going to have a you know i’m going to have a late morning and whatever you know i’m
just making it up but what i’m trying to say is that’s what this verb means to to really be before
somebody with doing something so in its absolute form in roman numeral number two it’s come or act
first, to come or act first. So it is opposite to hustereo. And I want you to notice whenever
you see that OPP, that is a gift to you. Because if you really don’t understand what this word
means, go to its opposite. And when you press on its opposite, its opposite means to come later
than someone, right? To come after you, to lag behind you, or to be inferior to you. You see how
that works? Yeah. Okay. So there is some kind of judgment. This isn’t just telling us, in time,
I was before you. It tells us that I am superior to you, that I am closer to the good, right? And
you fail to see that kind of those moral judgments that are in the greek i mean it’s a it’s a really
common word i’m telling you just a really common word fano but it has a moral taint to it you’re
going to see the way it’s used you’re going to see okay how about that third verb what is that third
one uh no yeah put a little in put a little in in the ng tung hana
wait
oh okay
Okay, it happened to, there you go, to hit the mark.
Yeah, what does that mean, to hit the mark?
Bullseye.
Yeah, bullseye, do we have a verb in that, like I bullseyed him?
obtained or happened right no seriously i hit the mark because they translate hamartano as i
miss the mark you know you’ve got a you’ve got an opposite here for tunkano it’s called hamartano
and it means i miss the mark and people translate it as sin oh yeah they do i’ve seen them yeah
so does it have its opposite sure it does right what happens when you don’t miss the mark
this is what happens something comes into being it’s the reality when the mark is tapped when the
mark is hit the reality takes place right the chance happens and you say why are you saying
chance i’m not saying chance they are saying chance right and um is it the same chance that’s
fate yes yes yes look at the third principle part take off the augment oh yeah
there she is right right there’s another goddess here in lanthana take off the epsilon and the
ending and you get loth that is the that is the river lethe yeah yeah the loth root there is just
the door size lathe notice in the future you’ve got the ada for the vowel right so um also in
the fourth principle part in the perfect when you do reduplicate it becomes left plus lay it’s not
law is lay so lay say lay say if you look up lay say you’re going to see a dorian variant watch
if i just put in lay say oh look at that i predicted correctly there is your dorian variant
Latha. So in the third principle part, for some reason, the verb prefers the Dorian,
right? Elathon. Instead of elathon. Why? Why are you doing this to us? Ah, forgetting. Forgetting.
Look at the place of oblivion in the lower world. Wasn’t that nice? All from lanthano,
meaning to escape the notice yeah there’s some lethe involved so there’s big reasons that they’re
giving you these supplementary participles to hanuman let’s try to translate that right happen
to hit the mark obtained to hanuman we happen doing this we happen to be doing this we happen
to hit the mark we are hitting the mark doing this yes watch it’s not a contract or anything so
should be pretty normal people look at this what happens when you miss the mark look i’m i swear to
you this is the opposite what happens when you miss the mark right well when you’re throwing
your spear your kill that you’re looking for coming to being doesn’t come into being
so you have gone wrong and god hates you
there’s no 2k there’s no granting of that reality you just did wrong you have entered into an area
of sin, right? Sin. And if you start looking at how sin is used in Greek that comes before
Christianity, during Christianity, and after Christianity, you’re going to be shocked.
You’re going to be shocked, and you’re never going to want to translate it sin again,
right? It’s so ridiculous. But that’s the way it is. Missing the mark and hitting the mark.
And all of the seminarians will translate it as missing the mark,
or I mean as sinning, but they really won’t appreciate it.
Et tu, homen, on page 403, et tu, homen, we chanced, what?
Poyes antes, tutto.
We chanced, we happened to have here, to do this.
Notice there’s no time.
Poyes antes has really no time with it.
they’re translating here with an english infinitive to do it’s not even a participle
there in english we happen to do this right yeah
we happened again to be doing the only difference there is the aorist is the simple action to do
this one time that’s it whereas the present is an ongoing thing we happen to be doing this
we’re in the middle of doing it right english lacks verbs don’t you love this english english
lacks verbs with the exact meaning of lanthana and thana okay okay so if these experts are telling you
it’s um it’s really difficult to translate lanthana and thana then you know i mean how
long have they had this stuff a couple thousand years now you guys haven’t been able to work this
shit out in 2000 years what’s wrong with you right it’s it’s that the system that is using
these forms is more advanced let’s see let’s see how it works you read me the greek for
this is page 403 you read me the greek for um that first sentence and let’s see how
we can possibly translate this lanthanum yeah tus filus lanthanum in two top way
which of those english translations do you like best you know the verb is lanthanum and so
we are escaping somebody’s notice right so that’s that’s pretty straightforward yeah
whose notice are we escaping that’s our object tus filus we are escaping the notice of we say
in english of our friends right we don’t turn it into a direct object we escape our friends notice
right there’s several ways look at the first one we escape our friends notice well that
kind of captures it in english better but it’s kind of it’s using a genitive there
right how do we do how do we how do we escape our friends notice by doing this
so we do this secretly from our friends now now i’m losing the image when you give me the second
one we do this secretly from our friends i don’t like changing a verb into an adverb i don’t like
it yeah lanthanoman we escape somebody’s notice lanthanoman tus filus we escape our friends
notice how about the next one underneath read that one in greek good so they’re just changing
the tense we now escaped good our friends notice doing notice the doing just stays general
right it’s not telling you where the tense is at all right it’s not supposed to it’s just telling
you it’s a one specific action poiesantes that’s an accusative yeah love it nice what was that go
ahead oh i was going to say is that heiress yes good good poieso right good good good good
beautiful how about the next one we’re going to do sono oh my god i hate this is my the verb i hate
the most we anticipate our friends in doing this interesting yeah because we’re better than our
friends before we are doing this before okay yeah because our friends are jerks and don’t know how
to act properly right that’s why we’re doing it first that’s why we have anticipated them
we have come before them because we’re better it’s it’s uh it just doesn’t yeah god i just hate it
um look at the compound they’ve got there at the bottom f thaw summon right and f thayman
yeah we beat our friends doing this yeah see how they’re trying to add a add a little bit
of morality in there because that’s really what it means it really means hey i’m better than you
i figured out something first let’s be a faster yeah faster i’m superior right number one is
superior to number two that’s it it’s like they have this obsession right we happen to be what
What, , right?
Oh God, we happen to have done this, why?
Because that’s the happening is setting for you the time,
right, , right?
Oh God, it’s gorgeous.
The participle usually has the same aspect
as the finite verb, but an aorist participle together
with the present or imperfect indicative show,
could say can show prior action oh god right so they’re going to translate it since it’s
we are in a state right now of happening then we’re going to have to make this happen
priorly to have done they’re going to make it perfectly oh god all right
that is everything that should be everything in the unit 14. so look we really didn’t do anything
more but we didn’t cover the vocabulary i want you just to give me a quick reading
of the grammar please and any time i mean of the vocabulary and any time that you find a root
i want you to stop and say wait a minute is this uh i i recognize like you did with 2k
right yeah I know right okay good good go ahead yeah I’m not safe and must this
I’m not see ya I’m not see us take no me take dick so a dick the dick did they
What does it mean?
What does dækdæmi mean?
To show.
Yes.
To show off, display.
Yes.
Epi dæk seos, display, demonstration.
So epi dækdæmi means to show or display something.
And if you just take the epideic, you can create another word from that root, epideicis.
Just turn it into an abstract noun.
When you add an is on the end of it, that’s all you’re doing is turning it into an abstract noun.
And so instead of showing something verbally now, it’s the thing that you are showing.
It’s the demonstration.
It’s the display.
Yeah, gorgeous.
I love how they do that.
Go ahead.
Iponis the my.
uh rising insurrection against yeah that’s happy plus anna plus sistemi oh yeah yeah
happy plus anna plus histami right nice to stand to stand yeah in opposition against something in
right in yeah that makes sense yeah no it does it does
ask a question yeah to ask you’ll get this all over so-and-so ask is so-and-so a question
there’s nothing really glorious about erota oh it’s pretty straightforward
you probably it’s probably some addict thing
yeah some kind of genetic throwback you’ve got to some out of science
at a size off uh you know pulaski some pulaski and uncle of yours great uncle of yours
he lives in my brain now you know where we get hetero is in heterosexual right yeah good itty
yeah still me kitty oh kitty yeah so it’s man and then the exactly exactly and they didn’t want to
say may eti yeah right so they added a kappa make getty so it sounds more yeah yeah good good
yes common like the koine greek wait before we go there wait before we go there i just want you
see koine for the first oh god it’s koine right right common right now i just told you we’ve got
to be careful when we learn a word if you find an opposite consider it a gift okay so what is
its opposite what is the opposite of common it’s idios where we get idiot from right idiotes right
okay it’s something you do by yourself something you do by yourself it’s private and it’s personal
when you make something coin us you make it common you take something you take something
that is private and personal you turn it 180 degrees you make it common it is the same
difference between what is sacred and what is profane when you take something sacred it is
sacred because it is restricted when you make it common so that everybody does it you profane it
you profane it right so that whole coinos let’s see if i got it here there’s a lot of things
going on probably this oh you people go backwards here move move oh it’s not moving there we go okay
this notice in number let’s see where are they going to give it to us okay number two
notice in number two social and political relations public or general the commonwealth
right notice two is the state itself what is that that we have in common it’s the operation
operation of whatever your government is right but look what’s happening and here it is number
three this is when it starts to leak in common or ordinary okay what look at grammatically what
the greek grammarians under number two in section three look what they said the grammarians use it
to indicate regular greek as opposed to special dialects yeah all right special dialects right
It’s not. They get to it in B under that little bit better. Look, it’s vulgar, right? Notice the
vulgar Greek that they’re talking about is like that vulgar Egyptian, which we all know is the
demotic. The demotic is the dumbing down. Demotike, they talk about in modern Greek, right? It’s the
dumbing down when you say demotic you are dumbing down the language finally in three they just go
ahead and give it to us straight you’ve got inferior shit dog right which is funny because
when the christians call their texts koine and they say oh this koine is different from classical
greek they’re right it is different in that it’s inferior yeah yeah anybody who reads classical
agree should be able to recoin ain’t no problem you just have to what do they used to call it slum
you go out and slum a little bit you know what i mean maybe hit a maybe hit a biker bar you know
what i mean go slumming does nobody does nobody go slumming anymore nobody does that do they
no are you there did i lose you i mean yeah i’ve never been slumming in a while
right that’s the koine quality right let’s go slumming in koine right look look how they use
it within the magical formula it’s of words added at will by the user translated and so forth you
know like in english when you say you know that’s okay that’s what koinologia yeah yeah see that
coin of the key is not a good thing if you’re doing this that’s not a good thing okay it’s basic
of persons connected by common origin okay one who shares in something right
logic finally in logic i think this is important it’s the general or the universal
yeah general or the universal so you can see in the greek mind there is a gradient between the
beautiful and the ugly and that gradient is the gradient of the individual versus the general
the secret versus the profane right yeah or the sacred versus the profane
love that yeah i love that too i love that too okay oh here it is they put the profane
oh yeah beautiful right notice it’s the bible too and christians don’t even know this look they’ve
got the book of acts the letter to the romans and the gospel of mark yeah and just for just
for shits and giggles it’s also the name of an isav but you’re gonna see that over and over and
they have so many freaking ice abs it’s just you know okay anyway all right um let’s take
so we’ve gone through all the material so let’s take another break and this one let’s make 15 i’m
going to come back at five after um and let’s do uh some reading of the greek sorry so and i want
to start with uh on page before we do exercises i want to do a couple of actual greek okay it’s
not long chinus off hang on i want to give you beforehand in case you want to in case you want
to hit it it’s in unit 13’s ending i think two units per class they said we couldn’t do it
um this reading of apollo doris’s library on page 391 children of sky and earth i want us to do
those lines the six lines that are there notice all the vocabulary all the vocabulary is there
okay okay so make sure if you want to spend 15 minutes on that go ahead if you want to just
clear your mind and read it at sight when we get back i have no problem with that too okay it’s
your choice um 15 minutes so i’ll see you at seven after no wait what is that 15 yeah i think it is
go fantastic let’s you are you there yeah all right so you took a look at the you took a look
at some paula doris yeah fantastic uh paula doris probably second first second century
but um yeah we’ll have to we’ll have to do something that is good strong narrative
this is good strong narrative just straight up telling us a story so go ahead and read the
oh god uh read the just read the first line and then translate the first line okay
in the quarter cosmos was uh holding power yes good whole power the whole power good you can say
um yeah or maybe a little bit more fluidly um uranus first held power over over the pantos
cosmos yeah cosmos okay cool the whole cosmos nice nice so what did he do when he held power
over the cosmos he game us there’s your participle he game us and at no say he game us gain what is
game us just play along with me oh yeah um okay game us um what word is that from do you think
in the list below up game oh oh give me the mary oh so married yeah married a guy
and a techno say and then what did he do from um who procreated good he in he made he engendered
why he created he gave life in gaia to what rotos tus hecaton uh the hundred-handed yeah
yeah first yeah he gave yeah he gave them birth first he and he produced them first
and they’re called you gotta notice the little participle there on the third line pros
prosagorreocentas. That’s accusative plural with hecatonjeras. So he engendered those
first hundred handers, so-called prosagorreocentas, called hundred handers, right?
Okay.
Those first people. Good.
I was wondering.
Yeah. And then it lists their names, again, also in the accusative, even though
they’re singular it’s in the accusative because the hecaton helas is in the accusative as well
who are they they are and then you can pronounce their names
yeah these are the canonical briareus um
Kautas and Gaius or Gaiji sometimes.
Anyway, Briarius has that.
What do these hundred handers do?
Hoi, these people are what?
They’re unconquerable.
Yes.
With respect to what?
What do you mean?
Eyes and strength, right?
Yeah, exactly.
Yeah.
yeah and now you and i did that with just an invisible verb to be on the next line
these guys had been yeah established oh established yeah
yeah unstoppable in greatness and power or something like that anyway yeah good and
jump down to the end of the sixth line
for your participle.
They are echontes.
Yeah.
What does echo mean?
To have or hold.
Try have here.
Have, hold,
echontes.
Oh.
Possess.
Yes, so having
above her head.
Right? Yeah. First of all, look at
the structure before trying to translate
Look at the structure.
They’re equantes, they’re having…
Well, on the one hand…
Yes, on the one hand,
geras hecaton.
On the one, yeah.
They’re having on the one hand a hundred hands.
A hundred hands.
On the other hand, they have
kephalos pentekonta.
Fifty heads?
Yeah, fifty heads.
Right? They’ve got
a hundred hands, fifty heads.
Which makes sense, because you only got
two hands per head, right?
the the honor there you may wonder um it’s a preposition that takes the accusative what
why do we have men on a hecaton day on a penteconta on the one hand we have a hundred
hands each on the other hand we have 50 heads each that honor and that honor going with you
That’s what they’re trying to point out to you.
The ana?
So what does that mean then?
It really here, it’s being translated with respect to the number.
So each, they each have 50 heads on one side and 100 hands on the other.
So it’s their way of telling you we’re taking two sets of numbers here and attributing it to the person.
So, okay, fine.
Oh, God, look at that.
just read six lines six lines keep going keep going here on the next page page 392 oh meta tutus
after this after these events right or along with these it could be along with these guys
gay there’s your subject
tech noi gay is giving birth to what the kukla pass the kukla pass what are they
what do they give you here for the dice in the cycle the cycle yeah it’s in the
pearl in the plural we call them cyclopes so she’s giving birth to the
Cyclopes, and here are their names, Argen, Steropen, and Bronten, okay, hon hecastos,
now hecastos, you see, it means each, each hon, hon is your relative, each what, of which,
right, because it’s a genitive, each of which, echen, had, what, hena, ofthalmon,
one eye and where is that one eye on the forehead good look you’re reading greek
you’re reading do you see that this is actual greek this is not made up this is not compounded
with a gazillion different types of exercised grammar no it’s just straight up narrative greek
Now they’re going to tell us the story of Prometheus.
I want you to follow me.
Prometheus de ex judatos caiges
anthropus plasas
edocien autois, excuse me,
caipur
latrai
dios in narthechi crupsas.
So Prometheus is our subject here, right?
That’s nice they gave it to us right off the bat, right?
um and then i want you not to try to translate but look at look at what we’ve got structurally
you see the edokin is your main verb edokin so that’s our dido me you go back now you go back
now and you look up edokin and or edoke and you tell me what is it what’s tense is it what person
a number and tell me what page tell me what page you find it on god all right do it again i imagine
that it’s something like a though class three seven days let’s see for the first heiress okay
okay okay no it eris uh third singular good it’s an eris third singular he she or it gave good
so there’s our main verb we’re going to know our subject prometheus is doing that
and then i want you to notice they’re sandwiched here participles plus us i want you i want you
be looking at structure here we’re going to be set up with a participle that is gonna go from
the participle all the way back here okay okay what did he do first before he gave something
he plus us and that is a participle right mass yeah the us yes masculine from what verb go to
your go to your back to your uh list your vocabulary list and say what verb is this from
oh to is it from the plus plus oh yeah for formal shape yeah so formed right yeah right what did he
do um in the environment of giving okay he’s forming the people onthropus what ex hudatos
um of water nurse yes so that was i didn’t even look i’m just i was guessing yeah no no no no
you’re not guessing your translate you know give yourself some credit right give yourself some
credit right from so prometheus after forming people from water and earth edoken he gave
good now this kai is this kai is even even fire yes yeah and what is that fire now that
is going to throw you there. It’s an adverb. It looks like something in the
dative, right? It’s an adverb. Oh, I see. So don’t think
that that’s your verb. Don’t think that that’s your verb. Go all the way to the end.
Krupsas. Krupsas. And there’s another participle from
Krupso. Krupso. So look at Krupso.
Yeah, I remember that one. I remember seeing that. Gosh.
It’s in the vocab. Yeah. This is how you learn new vocab too, by the way.
oh yeah cover hide yeah thank crypt yeah what is a crypt it hides the dead right it covers the dead
so he’s doing what with his participle he’s hiding what’s lothrai secretly secretly hiding that
yeah it in not fakey yes okay fennel stalk and what is that dios doing there it is in the genitive
case from zeus zeus that delta is a zeta in the nominative zeus the genitive is dios okay i know
that’s weird but it’s in a genitive and why is it in a genitive because it’s pulling that genitive
thing of separation there right this is secret from zeus hidden from zeus in a narthex wow
yeah you get that okay go god god hoste ace
zeus ace that tall when he when he aced the toe look down look down and
look at the second for second oh i see it yeah grew wait no that’s wrong word
yeah i stonel my on the first on the right under the passage
oh uh let’s see how the first oh yeah yeah perceive to perceive perceive yeah as he perceived
since he perceived since he understood epitaxin yeah look at see if we can find it what is theirs
where is the epitato epitato see it on my page on your screen sharing
uh yeah i see it uh okay yeah oh flu no could come in yeah to command
he commanded and it takes a dative hey he commanded what if i estoy
and he guesses who hey if i stay is if i still if i still oh if i still see good i see he gave an
order to hefestus now jump to the next line to get again you’re analyzing it what do you see
at the end of the sentence pros a lo sai that looks like an infinitive to me that looks because
you know whenever you get an order you’re going to get an order to do something right and sure
enough here it is on the screen sharing pros a low oh to fasten yeah it’s a nail to fasten by news
so what did he do he ordered hephestus to make this guy to fasten by nails
that’s an accuser his body his body where toy cow soy
to nail his body to what the calcos
yeah the caucus mountain right mountain yeah yeah right he’s gonna nail him to the caucasus
right that’s a chain by the way they still use that term the caucuses um which is nice he’s
supposed to be nailed there that’s right where medea is right and tuto keep going at the end
of line four tuto de scuthicon oros estin estin is your verb to be you have not you’re already in
you’re already 400 pages into the book and you have not seen it is the invisible it is so yeah
this uh this is the sydney and mountain good look you’re reading it you’re reading it without
my hat right seriously yeah so let’s read the next uh line and a half in day two toy pros
prometheus there’s my subject again it’s nominative he’s doing it prometheus polon
eton there’s a couple of genitives arithmon nice accusative looking thing
so where’s our main verb it did it all and then we bind good good and then we have a participle
pros elotes here pros elotes and it looks like it looks like an aorist passive participle in
the nominative singular so it’s it’s referring to prometheus prometheus prolethoses oh i see
what is he what is he fastened by nails see the before you see the
six principle part here pros a lothain okay so fastened by nails in tutoi on this mountain
prometheus fastened by nails on this mountain did what a dead ato
was bound yes he was bound and then we get a genitive all on eton eton is go look at
it’s just many what is it many years yes many years he was bound there for many years and then
we have arithmon with respect number yeah with respect to number right many years in number
right with respect good good kath hekastein de hemeron and they give you a little note at the
bottom kata plus the accusative here refers to distribution of time so kath hekastein hemeron
means on each day or every day oh i see okay so you translate it kath hekastein hemeron
on every day and i an ayatos i want you to pronounce that as if the alpha and the epsilon
do not because why am i saying that because watch this i do everything for a reason i don’t do
randomly look at this bum bum bum bum bum what is the ayatos it is the eagle but look at
it’s attic form it’s early attic form now this is your first early attic that is i yet toss why
because there’s because this is an old mycenaean word that the early attic is picking up and there
is a digamma in the iota it’s actually a wet toss oh it does yeah i thought i remember you
saying that did i say oh god no no i mean the other day no sorry i i remember you talking about
yeah good good so there’s a diagram in the word for eagle slash vulture because they put eagle
here but it can also be a vulture do not get me wrong i just yeah yeah so i heard that in an old
that yesterday yeah oh did you good so each and every day what happens in our wet toss comes out
what is it what is that what is the isn’t partisan middle right where are we
flying where where what is it doing if wow okay uh i’m gonna sit up yeah fly fly my eyeball
look at that look at the little parentheses they gave your eyeball fill out are you okay
yeah i got my contacts oh your contacts good fantastic i thought i thought the eagle got it
i’m sorry to fly over to fly over that eagle is flying over prometheus it’s flying over him
what is it doing it’s in m in emmett in emmett wait where’s that emma in m okay yeah
go to nemo take off the oh i see take off the this epsilon
it was inhabited look at what it means here look at what it means here past pasture upon
You’re going to see that stupid, that this is a, this is a Victorian thing, right?
That’s how they’re expressing it.
So the Greeks have this idea of eating what you and I would call eating, but they think
of it more as like a, like sheeps and goat, right?
Goats do it.
Sheep, sorry.
Did I say sheeps?
Right?
Right.
You’re taking your fodder.
You’re consuming your fodder.
This is the idea.
Nemo, right?
Nemo.
Do you see nemesis?
Mm-hmm.
Right?
What is it that you eat?
What is your grass?
It is your lot.
It is what you have rightly been giving.
That’s why it says to possess as one’s share.
Nemesis guards your share.
If you get more than you deserve, she punishes you for it.
Okay?
That’s nemesis.
You’re only supposed to be able to graze on what you’re supposed to be able to graze on, and that’s it.
Okay, fantastic.
So, yeah, let’s see.
Pod grazing?
Yeah, like eating, consuming, right?
Oh, yeah.
So she flies about and enemito, and ate tus lobus.
Pods.
Pods.
Lobs.
You want to call them lobs?
Lobs, okay.
two hepatos it’s the lobes of what right two hepatos liver the liver now you know why they
call it the hepatic portal vein that’s a big vein in the liver right hepatic portal right that’s
actually i think it’s an artery is it the hepatic portal artery or vein i can’t remember
but it’s one of the big blood vessels in the liver they call it hepatic because that just
means liver right good so eats the lobes of the liver but the lobes of the liver oxano menu grew
yeah they’re growing they’re growing the anuctos at night so prometheus’s liver grows at night and
the eagle eats it each and every day all right and we know we know that that eagle slash vulture is
medea she is pictured in in the epic argonautica of um our god valerius flaccus as consuming that
liver the thing grows back now john scarborough told me he said he said the greeks recognized
the liver of all organs can regrow itself right this is a this is a phenomenon i’m going to stop
sharing this for a minute because john scarborough wanted me to get this and i think you can learn
from this okay the liver is the only organ that regenerates right you can cut off other pieces
of organs they don’t grow back the liver will actually grow back so how did the question
scarborough’s question is how do the greeks know that the etruscan art right the etruscans are all
into the liver right they’re all into it did they observe this somehow and if so how because you’re
not gonna you’d have to cut open a person at different times to see if their personal liver
was able to regenerate. Or you could look, which is the way I think it probably is, you can look
at somebody who’s had an injured liver, right? And they can regain the function of whatever that
injury is over time. So for the doctor who’s watching the patient, the organ itself can
reheal, right? Which is a concept that is not in any other organ of your body, right? So what is
special? I mean, why isn’t Prometheus getting his heart eaten or his lungs, right? One of his lungs
or his liver? He’s growing it back. Why is it his liver? Right. Because it’s the one that they grow
back. It’s the one that can be repaired. So there’s something funny going on in this narrative
that this organ, which by the way, knowing that it’s the one that possesses the diamond that
allows it to grow back, it must also possess the future. It must also possess a vision or
an understanding that is beyond the other organs because none of those organs grow back somehow
they fucking knew this i don’t know how they knew it so right that was kind of the when scarborough
and i were discussing it that’s kind of the point somehow their doctors have gotten to the point
that they recognize the liver grows back on its own and from this comes the understanding that
the liver is superior, that it contains some sort of techne or art or divine skill in it.
And that when Prometheus was taking that flame and giving all of that skill to humanity,
because it’s defined, that skill of Prometheus’s flame is defined as the skills to heal,
the skills to alter the skills to change the environment those that’s the ability
of the liver so his punishment is to have that source of that tech name removed from him that
divine fire that’s in the liver is removed from him daily and has to grow back well wow
during the night oh isn’t it yeah it’s weird you know that’s amazing yeah no
did we lose them yeah we lost them oh man this is so good yeah really good why were these
yeah i love it that you know i’ve been wondering about that about uh because i
was doing a lot of research on the examination of the liver as you know a way to produce oracular
you know um understanding or vision or you know types of divination right so i i don’t know it’s
like one of the earliest forms and it’s in the bible so that that’s like cool and so why were
his stuff probably he’s doing that to their liver why was medea and her father consuming the fire
doctor’s back did i make it back i think i made it back okay yeah you’re back put my text up there
uh where’s the book there it is okay um good so his liver is growing back the anuctos right
throughout the night throughout the night okay so you keep translating kai read the next one
starting kai prometheus kai prometheus on the one hand men puros uh clapentos decay um uh on the one
and fire clapentos oh okay so where’s the main verb before you strongly with clapentos
where’s the main freaking verb um is it it tina good so let’s find it let’s find it in the list
where is it in oh is it uh tino there you go so paid back yeah um so there’s your subject you’ve
got your subject don’t lose it you’ve got your subject here and your verb just translate your
subject and then your verb okay so uh fire um paid back right no yeah is it the fire
is there let’s see hang on a second just translate prometheus etina okay prometheus
paid back good prometheus paid back what tautane accusative decane they’re going together
prometheus paid tautane decane this show this justice yeah this justice this penalty
right klopentos there is your participle there is your participle oh god what is that from klop
klop where have you seen it stolen there you go exactly is that okay yes yes okay cool right
yeah when he stole the fire dude he paid this penalty mechris until here’s the subject that
doesn’t look like a subject but it is until heracles elusin until heracles what elusin
was from yeah right right right until heracles did what he dissolved out on
him who stayed on at a later time later later time right he now what do i have what are you going to
say for dissolved he what just uh destroyed no no he didn’t come and kill him he he lets him go
he frees him oh release yeah there you go release there you go yeah okay yeah now this last phrase
hoss the hoss here is really just an as it’s not a purpose clause nothing like that yeah because
we’re not using this is just an indicative right it’s from de lo which has a contract
so its vowel is going to look long but it is not a few it is not a uh um a subjunctive or anything
right okay so as de los omen as as we it’s technically in the you’ve you it’s technically
first person plural but it’s the author talking as we will show in toys in these writings koth
heraclea in the section yeah yeah there you go in the section on heracles yeah in the section
on heracles literally in the words according to heracles or on about heracles yeah laugh it
wow that was so great look what you did look what you did it’s almost midnight your time
and hang on i want to count these lines i want to count these lines because this is important
okay you read one two three uh six plus what two here where did we miss the other ones they
were at the top two here seven eight nine plus another eleven okay nine plus another eleven
that’s 20 full lines my god okay listen no listen to me you just read 20 lines of greek all
right? How does that feel? It was awesome. That was so fun. You and I could keep doing this for
the next hour and read another 30, 40 lines. And what you would be doing if you did that was you’d
be building your vocabulary, right? With an author that is very friendly. He is not going to screw
you by by putting purpose clauses plus conditionals in the same fucking line right that’s why i’m
saying this is real greek not not what you are reading in the exercises do you see how this
clicks how it kind of yeah all of a sudden your rules and everything that you’re using kind of
click and yeah and it makes sense congratulations okay congratulations now we just did 13 and 14
right i want to do 15 and 16 for tomorrow i want you to do 15 and 16 but all i want you to do
is read them like you’re just trying to pack it in your brain not forcefully go over and
memorize memorize remember but just to read them for understanding and then i want you to jump
right away that you got to do your vocabulary too but then i want you to jump right away
to look in unit 15 okay uh here let me bring up the look in unit 15 at the end
so give me the page where the greek is okay um it’s uh 454 okay 454 and you’ll notice we’re
skipping over an exam just hang on just just hang on we’re not gonna we’re not gonna miss it
i want you to read 15 and 16 okay but i want you to then focus on uh go to readings oh god
hurry up hurry up boom go to the readings um page oh my god my thing had missing pages this duck
okay page that’s aristotle that’s not it oh god it starts the politics where is the extra please
okay euripides medea page page 458 this is this is lines 46 to 60. okay okay so it’s a good bit
of lines and it’s going to follow then on page 459 you get the rest of the you get the rest of
the passage just don’t just don’t miss that what i want you to do now is i want you to go i want
you to switch from your narrative that we could be reading and we could read a whole bunch of lines
to the next degree of difficulty i want you to read tragedy and i want you to i want you to
realize that this is not at all um straightforward like the narrative but but it’s using the very
same mechanics so what i want you to do is this is the media 46 to 60 before you even touch this
thing in greek i want you to read the first hundred lines of the media by euripides and you
can get that you can get that here on the perseus side if you just put euripides in and you’ll see
medea right at the top so i’ll just show it to you here put medea’s english in put medea’s english in
and just read the first 100 lines and i want you then since you’ll get the entire context
then i want you to translate that greek can you do that yeah okay you can do that now at the
beginning of next class that’s what we’re going to do the second half we’re going to do the next
two units and we’re going to do medea but when we start that’s the second half of class
the first half of class will be your testing and everything that we have had thus far how do i want
you to prep for this i want you to do the review okay do do the review okay and then i will test
you but all i want you to do is the review okay okay so for next 14 oh or the test for the unit
test okay it’s at the end of it’s at the end of 14 just do the uh what page is that on give me
page real quick there’s this one right yeah i see yeah uh 419 419 boom boom boom it’s before the
exam boom okay yep there we go okay so starting on page bottom of page 419 and don’t don’t do
number two forget number two okay okay don’t do that at all um do number one four five six seven
and see if you can make it to eight nine ten ish right if you can if you can make it that far
now your difference between your difference between media and this review is going to be
shocking you need to get the review done first that you must get done first if you don’t have
the media completely done i don’t care we’ll do the greek together what you really need to do is
this and if you can get the media as well then you’re a champion and okay um you know you’re
champion okay all right so if you don’t get all of 16 read that’s okay we’ll cover it together
okay if you don’t get all of 16 read don’t worry about it focus on the review and then reading 15
reading 16 and doing medea in 15 okay do it in that okay and i don’t know how long it’s
going to take you would you do me a favor and add up how much time you’re spending let me hear next
time how much time you spend on it so i can tell people yeah look she’s spending a minimum of three
hours right she prepped for this exam she did an extra hour she did four whatever i don’t know
it because it’s going to be dependent on how quickly you assimilate and you assimilate fast
as hell it may take me six hours to do what i just told you to do that may only take you two hours
okay so whatever your work is that i just want to hear it okay all right almost time do you have
any questions for me no that sounds good okay you’re doing spectacular i’m absolutely amazed
i’m absolutely amazed okay all right all right we’ll talk to you cool see you thank you thanks
thanks bye everybody
Source: Lady Babylon